Research status and challenges related to thermal-magnetic instability of niobium-tin high-field superconducting coils
Niobium-tin,or Nb3Sn,coils are the key components of high-field magnets and have important applications in high-energy physics,advanced medical treatment,magnetic constraint nuclear fusion,and other fields.However,after the preparation of niobium-tin high-field magnets,many flux jumps are encountered during the testing process.These jumps cause the superconducting current-carrying capacity to drop rapidly,affecting quench protection and inducing premature quenching.In addition,the superconducting coils undergo significant mechanical deformation in a strong magnetic field and high current environment.The superconducting electromagnetic performance is sensitive to mechanical deformation.Therefore,magnetic-thermal instability of niobium-tin coils during the development of high-field superconducting magnets is an urgent problem to be solved.Development of numerical simulation methods for resolving magnetic-thermal instability of niobium-tin superconducting coils,as well as revealing the influence mechanism of electromagnetic forces on flux jumps and quenching,is of great significance.As the earlier methods were difficult and costly,the optimization design development for inhibiting the flux jump of superconducting coils will help accelerate the development of high-field Nb3Sn magnets.This article reviews the research status of the multi-field coupling problems related to force-electric-magnetic-thermal involved in Nb3Sn high-field magnet applications;shares the solutions to three key scientific problems in the application of Nb3Sn superconducting coils,namely complex constitutive relations,magnetic-thermal stability,and mechanical reaction;and discusses the difficulties and challenges involved.
superconducting mechanicsNb3Sn high field magnetscritical currentmagnetic-thermal instabilitymechanical reaction
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