摘要
物质是宇宙的基础,研究宇宙必须对其物质组成进行研究.宇宙中恒星际和行星际尘埃物质携带着恒星和太阳系形成与演化的丰富信息.目前对宇宙尘埃的研究主要基于间接手段,无法精确判定其化学组成、结构形态、尺寸分布以及来源等关键信息.60年来,人们一直尝试利用探空火箭、航天器、空间站、卫星、深空探测器等进行宇宙尘埃物质的直接研究,目前尘埃的"原位"探测数据或采样返回数据主要用于样本数量的统计分布特性研究以及物质成分分析,对样本的溯源工作并不多见.本文总结了恒星际与行星际尘埃颗粒的间接性质研究结果,已有的原位探测项目及进展,并拟利用我国空间站平台开展宇宙尘埃颗粒的捕获与溯源,准确判断返回的尘埃颗粒是来自于恒星际还是行星际,并对溯源的尘埃颗粒在实验室内进行详细理化分析和研究.
Abstract
Matter serves as the foundation of the universe,and its composition is crucial for understanding the universe.Interstellar and interplanetary dust particles(ISD and IDP)carry rich information on the formation and evolution of stars,galaxies,and the solar system.Currently,our understanding of ISD and IDP is mainly derived from indirect information(e.g.,extinction and thermal emission detections),making it challenging to accurately determine their key characteristics such as chemical composition,structural morphology,size distribution,and origin.Over the past 60 years,continuous efforts have been made to explore cosmic dust more directly,utilizing sounding rockets,space shuttles,space stations,satellites,and deep space probes.Data obtained mainly from in-situ detection or sample return have been used for statistical studies and material composition analysis,however,very few tracing studies have been conducted.This review summarizes the state-of-the-art indirect studies on the properties of ISD and IPD,and the current status of the existing in-situ detection projects.We propose to utilize the Chinese Space Station platform for the first time to capture and trace cosmic dust particles.We aim to accurately determine whether the returned dust particles are of interstellar or interplanetary origin and to conduct detailed experimental physicochemical analyses of the returned and traced dust particles.
万方数据