基于石墨烯和回收金制备便携式、可清洗太阳能蒸发器及其高效即时水净化研究
A portable and washable solar steam evaporator based on graphene and recycled gold for efficient point-of-use water purification
李飞 1黄炯鹏 1胥丁心 1王程锦 1赵亮 1龚新渝 1李航 1张灿阳 1宋清华 1苏阳 1成会明2
作者信息
- 1. Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Institute of Materials Research & Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering,Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School,Tsinghua University,Shenzhen 518055,China
- 2. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Energy Materials for Carbon Neutrality,Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality,Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenzhen 518055,China;Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering,Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology,Shenzhen 518107,China;Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China
- 折叠
摘要
太阳能蒸发器为应对全球淡水短缺问题,提供了一种可持续且高效的水净化解决方案.尽管此前的研究在最大化水蒸发速率方面取得了显著进展,但尚无单一蒸发器具备实际应用所需的所有特性,如生成饮用水的高效性、用于现场水净化的优异便携性、减少蒸发器结垢的良好可清洗性,以及良好的可重复使用性.本文提出了一种用于即时水净化的高性能光热材料制备策略.通过在具有优异机械性能的海绵中同时引入石墨烯和从电子垃圾中提取的金颗粒,实现了高效水净化.在一个太阳光强度照射下水蒸发速率达到3.55 kg/m2/h,这得益于对石墨烯原子结构的控制以及金纳米颗粒尺寸依赖性表面等离子体共振效应.此外,该材料便携性强,可折叠、可真空压缩、干燥、再使用而不影响性能,且可以通过反复清洗去除污染物结垢,从而实现重复使用.研究表明该蒸发器可以将多种类型的污染水转化为可饮用的清洁水,并且可以任意角度安装,便于追踪太阳入射角,实现太阳光的高效利用.所组装的蒸发器在户外阳光下的水蒸发速率高达9.36 kg/m2/h,所产出的净化水符合世界卫生组织的饮用水标准.
Abstract
A solar steam evaporator provides a sustainable and efficient alternative water purification solution to address the global freshwater shortage.Previous efforts have made significant advances in maximizing its water evaporation rate,but no single evaporator has all the properties necessary for practical point-of-use application,including a high efficiency for generation of drinkable water,an excellent portability critical for on-site water purification,good washability for mitigating evaporator fouling,and good reusability.We re-port a strategy to produce a high-performance photothermal material for point-of-use water purification.By simulta-neously incorporating graphene and gold particles grown from recycled electronic waste in a mechanically strong sponge,we achieved highly efficient water purification under realistic conditions.In addition to a high evaporation rate(3.55kg/m2/h under one-sun irradiation)attributed to a control of atomic structure of graphene and the size-depen-dent surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles,it is portable which can be folded,vacuum compacted,dried and rehydrated without compromising performance.It also allows repeated washing to remove contaminant fouling so that it can be reused.The evaporator transforms various types of con-taminated water into drinkable clean water,and can be mounted at any angle to optimize the incident solar irradia-tion.Furthermore,the assembled steam evaporator device could gain purified water meeting the World Health Organi-zation drinking water standards with a high evaporation rate of 9.36 kg/m2/h under outdoor sunlight.
关键词
graphene/gold resources recovery and reuse/solar steam evaporator/sustainable developmentKey words
graphene/gold resources recovery and reuse/solar steam evaporator/sustainable development引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据