首页|基础研究原始创新的政策探索:从非共识创新到原创探索计划

基础研究原始创新的政策探索:从非共识创新到原创探索计划

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国家自然科学基金委员会(以下简称"自然科学基金委")自成立以来,在推动我国基础研究发展、支持基础研究原始创新中发挥了重要作用.在广泛系统收集和分析档案、文献、访谈和统计数据等资料的基础上,本文回顾了自然科学基金委资助基础研究原始创新的政策探索历程,考察了相关资助政策设立的初衷及其历史背景,理清了政策演进脉络.研究发现:自然科学基金委资助基础研究原始创新起步较早(1987年),起始于建委之初,通过妥善处理申请人"申述"资助非共识创新研究;在政策供给方面,先后探索了非共识创新项目(1987年至今)、小额项目(2001-2018年)和原创探索计划项目(2019年至今)3种途径;政策走向经历了从缘起与初探(1987-1991年)、同行评议下的保护(1992-2017年)到专设资助计划下的激励(2018年至今)三个阶段的演进历程.回顾38年来,自然科学基金委资助基础研究原始创新的政策探索、发展及成效,有助于研究人员深入理解自然科学基金委相关资助政策,是新时期基础研究原始创新资助政策优化的重要参考.
Policy Exploration of Original Innovation in Basic Research:from Non-consensus Innovation to Original Exploratory Program
Since its establishment,National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)has played an important role in promoting the development of basic research and supporting the original innovation of basic research.Based on extensive and systematic collection and analysis of archives,literature,interviews and statistical data,this paper reviews the policy exploration of NSFC to support original innovation in basic research,examines the original intention and historical background of the establishment of relevant funding policies,and clarifies the policy evolution.Research findings:NSFC has an early history of funding original innovation in basic research,which starts from 1987 by properly handling applicants'"claims"to fund non-consensus innovation research;The policy supply has explored three ways:non-consensus innovation project(1987 to date),small-grant project(2001~2018)and original exploratory program(2019 to date).The policy direction has experienced three stages of evolution,from initiation and primary exploration(1987~1991),protection under peer review(1992~2017),to incentive under the special funding scheme(2018 to date).Reviewing the policy exploration,development and effectiveness of NSFC funding original innovation in basic research in the past 38 years is conducive to researchers'in-depth understanding of NSFC related funding policies,and is an important reference for the optimization of original innovation funding policies for basic research in the new era.

original innovation in basic researchNational Natural Science Foundation of Chinafunding policy evolutionnon-consensus innovation projectsmall-grant projectoriginal exploratory program

李晓萌、赵英弘、郝红全、郑知敏、杨列勋

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清华大学社会学系,北京 100084

国家自然科学基金委员会计划局,北京 100085

基础研究原始创新 国家自然科学基金委员会 资助政策演进 非共识创新项目 小额项目 原创探索计划

2024

中国科学基金
国家自然科学基金委员会

中国科学基金

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.62
ISSN:1000-8217
年,卷(期):2024.38(2)
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