摘要
随着闭坑矿井的数量增多,其带来的安全与环境问题日益突出,且闭坑矿井的大量地下空间可以考虑利用.定义了矿井全生命周期的概念,明确了“矿井全生命周期采矿”的内涵.分析了闭坑矿井的数量、特征以及地下空间的特点.提出了矿井闭坑的工程背景、科学问题、关键技术、实践等基本问题框架.探讨了闭坑矿井的评价标准和责任体系、采空区覆岩长期沉陷规律、采空区水、气与污染物质的多场耦合与迁移规律、地下空间长期稳定性评价标准、地下空间利用方法等理论问题.在此基础上,分析了矿井闭坑的长期安全监测与评价、长期环境监测与评价、开拓巷道空间利用、采空区利用、生态环境修复等关键技术问题.政府与矿山企业需转变闭坑理念,重视闭坑矿井带来的安全、环境问题,从矿井全生命周期对该问题进行思考;积极探索闭坑矿井长期安全和环境监测、评价、修复治理技术,进行闭坑矿井的地下空间利用评价,并最大限度研究地下空间利用方法.
Abstract
With the increasing of abandoned mines,the safety and environmental problems caused by mine closure are becoming more and more prominent.Meanwhile,a vast amount of underground spaces can be utilized.The concept of "total life cycle mining" was defined and the connotation of "total life cycle mining" was revealed.The number and characteristics of abandoned mines and underground spaces were analyzed.Basic frameworks of engineering background,scientific issues,key technology and practices of mine closure were proposed.Theoretical problems of evaluation criterion and responsibility system for abandoned mine,subsidence law of overburden of the goaf in long term,multi-field coupling and migration law of water,gas and contaminant in the goaf,evaluation criterion for long-term stability of underground space,utilizing methods for underground space were discussed.On this basis,the key technical issues of long-term safety evaluation and monitoring technology,long-term environmental assessment and monitoring technology,utilization technology for the space of development road and goaf,eco-environment restoration technology of mine closure were analyzed.The concept of mine closure for the government and mine enterprises should be changed.More attention should be paid to the safety and environment problems caused by mine closure.The mine closure should be considered in the view of total life cycle.The monitoring,evaluation and restoration technology of long-term safety and environment should be investigated.
基金项目
国家优秀青年科学基金(51522406)
江苏省“六大人才高峰”项目(2014-ZBZZ-007)
中国矿业大学煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室自主研究课题(SKLCRSM14X01)
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据