康达效应式水力集矿对深海土的冲蚀特性研究
Research on erosion characteristics of deep-sea sediment:Coanda-effect-based hydraulic collector
李征启 1陈旭光 2魏佳康 3栾鲁宝 2刘茜茜 2王立振 2金帅2
作者信息
- 1. 中国海洋大学工程学院,山东青岛 266100;天津大学建筑工程学院,天津 300354
- 2. 中国海洋大学工程学院,山东青岛 266100
- 3. 招商局海洋装备研究院有限公司,广东深圳 518067
- 折叠
摘要
深海赋藏有丰富的矿产资源,金属锰结核的开采与利用可有效解决陆地资源匮乏的问题,因而受到世界多国的广泛关注.康达效应式水射流作为主流多金属开采方式之一,其与深海稀软底质的耦合机理尚未明晰,严重影响采集头性能优化.本文基于数值模拟和物理模型试验探究该采集方式下喷嘴高度、射流流速、导流板曲率三因素对破土水力强度的影响规律及冲蚀坑型变化规律,明晰康达效应水力集矿对深海土的冲蚀特性,进而得到试验范围内破土水力强度最优时所对应的射流参数组合.试验结果表明:冲蚀坑整体呈现椭圆状,且总体位置偏射流区域中心靠左侧;剖面轮廓为"U"形;坑底土体呈不规则凸起或凹进.喷嘴高度对破土水力强度的影响规律呈先增高后降低的趋势,射流流速与破土水力强度呈正相关,而导流板曲率对破土水力强度呈负相关.本文试验范围内,破土水力强度最高时所对应的射流参数组合为射流速度5.31 m/s、喷嘴高度60 mm、导流板曲率0.010 mm-1.以上研究可为揭示射流破土机理及矿石剥离机理提供理论参考.
Abstract
Deep sea harbors abundant mineral resources,and the exploitation and utilization of metal manganese nodules will effectively address the issue of terrestrial resource scarcity,thus attracting widespread attention worldwide.The Coanda-effect-based water jet,as one of the mainstream methods for nodule mining,has an unclear coupling mechanism with the deep-sea sediment,which significantly hampers the nodule collector optimization.This study,via simu-lations and physical model tests,investigated the influence of three factors:Nozzle height,jet flow speed,and guide plate curvature on the hydraulic intensity of erosion and erosion shape.Within the experimental range,the erosion characteristics of the Coanda-effect-based hydraulic collection method on deep-sea sediment were clarified.Then,the jet parameter combination corresponding to the best hydraulic intensity of erosion was identified.The test results show that the erosion pit is generally elliptical,and its overall position is towards the left side of the jet impact center area.The cross-sectional profile is U-shaped and the pit bottom is irregularly protruding or recessed.The influence of nozzle height on the hydraulic intensity of erosion first increases and then decreases.The jet flow speed is positively correlated to the hydraulic intensi-ty of erosion,while the influence of the guide plate curvature on the hydraulic intensity of ero-sion shows a negative correlation.In this paper,the jet parameter combination corresponding to the highest hydraulic intensity of erosion is a jet speed of 5.31 m/s,a nozzle height of 60 mm,and a guide plate curvature of 0.010 mm-1.These works are hope to provide a theoretical reference for revealing the jet erosion mechanism and the nodule stripping mechanism.
关键词
水力集矿/康达效应/冲蚀特性/破土水力强度Key words
nodule hydraulic collection/Coanda-effect-based/erosion characteristics/hydraulic intensity of erosion引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家杰出青年科学基金项目(52225107)
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2801503)
NSFC-山东联合基金项目(U1906234)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项项目(202041004)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据