摘要
疫苗是预防传染性疾病最有效的措施之一,对预防及控制传染病的传播起到了重要作用.而佐剂作为疫苗的辅助成分,在疫苗研发过程中不可或缺.理想的佐剂不仅可以增强免疫反应,使机体获得最佳的保护性免疫,还具有减少免疫物质用量、降低疫苗生产成本等重要作用.为满足新型疫苗的需求,已经研发了许多新型佐剂.但目前临床上仍缺乏一种安全、有效、易制备、纯度高、适用于多种疫苗的佐剂.本文根据佐剂的类别,通过计算机检索PubMed、Embase、The Co-chrane Library、中国知网、维普数据库、万方数据库等数据库(英文检索关键词包括Adjuvants、Vac-cine、Vaccine Adjuvant、aluminum salts、MF59、AS03、Toll-like receptor agonist 等及其他相关检索词;中文检索词包括佐剂、疫苗佐剂、铝盐佐剂、弗氏佐剂、AS01等及其他相关检索词),总结常用的传统铝盐佐剂和较为新型的脂质体类、核酸类等佐剂的作用机制以及各自的特点,旨在为佐剂的研制和应用提供参考.
Abstract
Vaccines are among the most effec-tive measures for preventing infectious diseases and play a crucial role in controlling the spread of these diseases.Adjuvants,serving as auxiliary com-ponents in vaccines,are indispensable in the vac-cine development process.Ideal adjuvants not only enhance the immune response,enabling the body to achieve optimal protective immunity but also play important roles in reducing the dosage of im-munogens and lowering vaccine production costs.To meet the demands of novel vaccines,many new types of adjuvants have been developed.However,there is still a lack of adjuvants that are safe,effec-tive,easy to prepare,highly pure,and suitable for a variety of vaccines in clinical settings.This article categorizes adjuvants and summarizes their mecha-nisms of action and characteristics,focusing on tra-ditional aluminum salt adjuvants and more modern lipid-based and nucleic acid-based adjuvants.The summary is based on a computer search of data-bases including PubMed,Embase,The Cochrane Li-brary,CNKI(China National Knowledge Infrastruc-ture),VIP Database,and Wanfang Database,using English search keywords such as Adjuvants,Vac-cine,Vaccine Adjuvant,aluminum salts,MF59,AS03,Toll-like receptor agonist,etc.,and corre-sponding Chinese search terms.The aim is to pro-vide references for the development and applica-tion of adjuvants.
基金项目
中国医药教育协会项目(2023WSJSPGZXKT-27)
沈阳药科大学中青年教师事业发展支持计划立项项目(ZQN202205)
国家科技期刊平台
NSTL
万方数据