To further clarify the interaction mechanisms and dynamic responses within the aircraft-runway system,a physical model of the dynamic interaction between the aircraft main landing gear and and rigid runway was developed firstly,and the aircraft tire and runway foundation were simulated as rigid roller model and Pasternak foundation model,respectively.Secondly,mathematical expressions of rigid roller model and Pasternak foundation model were de-rived based on the principle of displacement coordination,and a novel fast explicit integration algorithm was em-ployed to solve the vibration response of both the aircraft landing gear and the runway structure.Finally,taking the B737-800 aircraft as a case study,the dynamic responses of the aircraft subsystem and runway subsystem were an-alyzed under different runway structural strengths,aircraft taxiing speeds and pavement roughness to reveal the key factors influencing aircraft safety,comfort degree and runway structure safety.The results indicated that the attenu-ation of the foundation stiffness has a great influence on the runway vibration response,with a maximum growth rate of 56.13%.As the aircraft taxiing speed increases,the vibration displacement peak of the lower pavement of the wheel initially rises and then falls,while the vibration acceleration peak of both the fuselage and wheels consis-tently increase.Due to the dissipation effect of the landing gear buffer,the influence of runway roughness on fuse-lage vibration acceleration has a lag effect.