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选煤厂灰分快速检测技术发展现状及展望

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研究灰分快速检测技术的发展现状对于研制符合智能选煤厂建设需要的灰分测定技术具有重要意义,系统地梳理了快速灰化法、有源及无源在线测试和国标法自动测灰技术,指出现有技术存在的主要问题并提出建议.研究发现,我国矿区型选煤厂整体技术水平相对滞后,不同区域或企业在采-制-化过程中的自动化和准确程度等方面还存在较大差距.快速灰化法存在效率低、工人劳动强度大、样品代表性差等问题,已无法适应选煤厂要求;低能γ射线反散射,高能γ射线湮没辐射、双能γ射线透射、中子活化、X射线荧光光谱和激光诱导击穿光谱(LIBS)等有源在线测试方法,其测试精度受煤种、粒度、灰分组成及含量、水分等煤质特性参数以及选煤工艺条件影响较大,且还存在设备投资成本、放射源管理和日常维护管理成本相对较高等问题;国标法全自动测灰技术实现了采样、制样和测灰的自动化运行,测试精度高,但测试时间相对较长.而选煤厂灰分快速检测技术研发应按照快速测定、高精度、高准确度、无人化、标准化的整体要求,根据选煤生产的实际需求和选煤工艺进行定制化研发,通过数字孪生等技术提高智能化和数字化水平.
Development status and prospects of rapid ash content detection technology in coal preparation plants
The research on the development status of ash rapid detection technology is of great significance for the development of ash determination technology that meets the needs of intelligent coal preparation plant construction.The rapid ashing method,active and passive online testing,and national standard automatic ash measurement technology were systematically sorted out,the main problems in existing technologies were identified,and some suggestions were proposed.Research has found that the overall technological level of coal preparation plants in mining area in China is relatively lagging behind,and there are still significant gaps in automation and accuracy in the sampling,preparation,and chemical analysis process among different regions or enterprises.The rapid ashing method has problems such as low efficiency,high labor intensity of workers,and poor representativeness of samples,which can no longer meet the requirements of coal preparation plants.The testing accuracy of active online testing methods such as low-energy gamma ray backscatter,high-energy gamma ray annihilation radiation,dual-energy gamma ray transmission,neutron activation,X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy,and laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)is greatly affected by coal quality characteristics parameters such as coal type,particle size,ash composition and content,moisture,and coal preparation process conditions,and there are also many problems such as relatively high equipment investment costs,radiation source management,and daily maintenance management costs.The national standard method of fully automatic ash measurement technology realizes the automated operation of sampling,sample preparation,and ash measurement,with high testing accuracy but relatively long testing time.The research and development of ash content rapid detection technology in coal preparation plants should be based on the overall requirements of rapid determination,high precision,high accuracy,unmanned level and standardization.Customized research and development should be carried out according to the actual needs of coal preparation production and coal preparation processes,and the level of intelligence and digitization should be improved through technologies such as digital twins.

coal preparation plantrapid ash content detectionsampling and sample preparationstandardizationintelligentization

王岩

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煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司,北京市 朝阳区,100013

国家能源煤炭高效利用与节能减排技术装备重点实验室,北京市 朝阳区,100013

中国煤科低碳技术研究院,北京市 朝阳区,100013

选煤厂 灰分快速检测 采样制样 标准化 智能化

煤科院科技发展基金资助项目

2022CG-MH-01

2024

中国煤炭
煤炭信息研究院

中国煤炭

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子:0.736
ISSN:1006-530X
年,卷(期):2024.50(9)