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标准化皮肤管理对乳腺癌放疗患者放射性皮炎的预防效果

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目的:观察标准化皮肤管理对乳腺癌放疗患者放射性皮炎的预防效果.方法:回顾性分析 2021 年 1 月至 2022 年 9 月该院收治的 80 例乳腺癌患者的临床资料,按照护理方法不同将其分为对照组和观察组各 40 例.两组均接受放疗治疗,对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予标准化皮肤管理,比较两组护理后皮肤损伤严重程度[放射性皮肤损伤评估量表(RISRAS)]评分与健康状况[Karnofsky功能状态(KPS)]评分、放射性皮炎首次发生时间和持续时间、护理前后心理状态[简式心境状态量表(POMS)]评分和病耻感[慢性病病耻感量表(SSCI)]评分.结果:护理后,观察组RISRAS评分低于对照组,KPS评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组放射性皮炎首次发生时间晚于对照组,持续时间短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后,两组紧张、愤怒、疲劳、抑郁、慌乱等POMS评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,两组精力、与自我有关的情绪等POMS评分均高于护理前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组外在病耻感、内在病耻感评分均低于护理前,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:标准化皮肤管理用于预防乳腺癌放疗患者放射性皮炎,可减轻皮肤损伤程度,延缓皮肤损伤发生时间,减少皮肤损伤持续时间,改善患者心理状态和健康状态,降低病耻感,效果优于单纯常规护理.
Preventive effects of standardized skin management in prevention of radiation dermatitis in patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy
Objective:To observe Preventive effects of standardized skin management in prevention of radiation dermatitis in patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy.Methods:The clinical data of 80 patients with breast cancer admitted to this hospital from January 2021 to September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different nursing methods,they were divided into control group and observation group,40 cases in each group.Both groups received radiotherapy.The control group was given routine nursing,while the observation group was given the standardized skin management on the basis of that of the control group.The severity of skin injury[radiation induced skin reaction assessment scale(RISRAS)]score,the health status[Karnofsky performance status(KPS)]score after the nursing,the first occurrence time and the duration of radiation dermatitis,the psychological status[profile of mood states(POMS)]score,and the stigma[stigma scale for chronic illness(SSCI)]score before after the nursing were compared between the two groups.Results:After the nursing,the RISRAS score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group,the KPS score was higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The first occurrence time of radiation dermatitis in the observation group was later than that in the control group,the duration was shorter than that in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After the nursing,the POMS scores of tension,anger,fatigue,depression and panic in the two groups were lower than those before the nursing,and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group;the POMS scores of vitality and self-related emotions in the two groups were higher than those before the nursing,and those in the observation group were higher than those in the control group;and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Further,the scores of external stigma and internal stigma in the two groups were lower than those before the nursing,those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The application of standardized skin management in the prevention of radiation dermatitis in the patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy can reduce the degree of skin injury,delay the occurrence time of skin injury,reduce the duration of skin injury,improve the psychological state and health status,and reduce the stigma.Moreover,it is superior to simple routine nursing.

Standardized skin managementBreast cancerRadiotherapyRadiation dermatitisStigma

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佳木斯市肿瘤医院肿瘤六科,黑龙江 佳木斯 154002

标准化皮肤管理 乳腺癌 放疗 放射性皮炎 病耻感

2024

中国民康医学
中国社会工作协会

中国民康医学

影响因子:0.649
ISSN:1672-0369
年,卷(期):2024.36(6)
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