Objective:To explore the characteristics of the application of Radix aconitum in Mongolian medicine and traditional Chinese medicine from the aspects of its properties,processing,application,toxicity and rescue of poisoning.Methods:The relevant reports in domestic and foreign databases and the records of the application,processing method,toxicity,and rescue of Radix aconitum cavosum in ancient literature were searched.The differences between the application of Radix aconitum cavosum in Mongolian medicine and traditional Chinese medicine were summarized,and the application characteristics of Radix aconitum cavosum in Mongolian medicine were discussed.Results:There are some differences in the application properties,processing,compatibility,usage and dosage between Mongolian medicine and traditional Chinese medicine.Conclusion:Because the theory of Mongolian medicine is different from that of traditional Chinese medicine,there are also some differences in drug use,especially the clinical application of herb aconitum with strong toxicity is obviously different.This study compared the application of herb aconitum in Mongolian medicine and traditional Chinese medicine,and discussed the characteristics of herb aconitum.To provide reference for the safety of clinical use of Bullae aconitum in Mongolian medicine,and to further study the unique safety evaluation and risk control measures of Bullae aconitum in Mongolian medicine.