How Do Policies Shape Politics?Rural Political Changes from Targeted Poverty Alleviation to Rural Revitalization
The paper comprehends rural politics and its changes from two perspectives:external"state-rural relation"and internal"rural autonomous order".It constructs an analytical framework of"policy-politics"by utilizing the core viewpoint of policy feedback theory,and explains the rural politics and its evolution process and mechanism in the two periods of targeted poverty alleviation and rural revitalization from the perspective of policy process.The analysis indicates that the policy arrangements that reflect the state-rural relation in different periods lead to changes in the participation modes of rural internal political activities.When state actors and rural actors jointly engage in new policy processes,influenced by the interpretive effect,resource effect,and leaming effect of policies,the cognition,abilities,and behaviors of both types of actors undergo transformation.This subsequently alters the mode of action of administrative power and autonomous power on rural society,shaping a new state-rural relation and rural self-governance rules.Ultimately,it manifests the succession of state-rural relation and rural autonomous orders,i.e.,policy processes reshape the rural politics:transitioning from"suspended provision"during the abolition of agricultural taxes to"precise distribution"in the era of precise poverty alleviation,and further evolving from"precise distribution"to"integrated development"in the rural revitalization period.The analytical framework of"policy-politics"reveals the mechanism of rural political changes,indicating that in conducting policy analysis and political analysis related to rural areas,attention should be paid not only to the impact of politics on policies but also not ignore the counter-effects of policies on politics.Equally,it is crucial to focus not only on the direct effects of policy arrangements on rural development but also on the reshaping effects of policy processes on rural politics,so as to achieve a deep and constructive interaction between policy and politics.
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