The Implicit Conflicts Between National Park Construction and Community Development:A Field Survey Based on the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park
Community development is an essential component of the construction of China's national park system,and alleviating the implicit conflicts between national park construction and community development is crucial for achieving high-quality development of national parks.To answer the questions of what characteristics the implicit conflicts exhibit,what triggers them,and to resolve them,this paper takes the Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park as a typical case study.Based on 93 qualitative materials and 452 survey data collected from state-owned forestry enterprises,their affiliated forest farms,and villages,it describes the characteristics of implicit conflicts from three aspects:the objects,subjects,and manifestation of the conflicts,and introduces the perspective of institutional logic to deconstruct the formation logic of implicit conflicts.The results show that the emotional opposition between community residents and other actors,triggered by the reduction of material benefits,the limitation of social resources,the unreasonable allocation of rights,and the impairment of physical and mental health,represents the most typical characteristics of implicit conflicts.The intrinsic defects in the institutional logic in the national park,the imperfect response strategy of the actors,and the insufficient effectiveness of adaptation strategy are the reasons for the occurrence of implicit conflicts.This paper proposes resolution pathways from four aspects:improving ecological institutional logic,enhancing the purchase service strategy,optimizing insurance claims strategies,and exploring the construction of adaptive strategies.The findings of the study deepen the understanding of implicit conflicts and their generative mechanisms,and offer practical insights for strategic choices of national park governance.
Northeastern China Tiger and Leopard National ParkNational Park ConstructionCommunity DevelopmentImplicit Conflicts
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