Reconstructing the Push and Pull Forces of China's Rural Labor Transfer and Its Internal Logic
To improve the efficiency of labor allocation,it is necessary to clarify the phase characteristics and inherent logic of labor transfer.This paper analyzes the evolution of the push and pull forces of China's rural labor transfer and its internal logic based on the Push and Pull Theory.The study finds that China's rural labor migration has gone through a phase transition from"livelihood-oriented"employment to"development-oriented"employment by the labor force.In this process,the primary pull and push forces have been reconstructed,from the urban pull force caused by the income gap to the return pull force caused by the narrowing of the surplus gap among regions,and from the reduction of the push force effect of rural labor surplus to the increase of the push force effect of low openness of urban basic public services.Further analysis shows that the push and pull forces reconstruction follows two logical threads.First,as the regional development strategy undergoes the evolution of"balanced development-unbalanced development-coordinated development",the regional development gap is narrowed,and the spatial distribution of rural migrant labor shows the changing characteristics of"uniform distribution-block distribution in eastern region-coexistence of block distribution in eastern region and point distribution in regional central cities".Second,with the change of the demand level of rural migrant labor,the goal of transfer has changed from"maintaining livelihoods"to"pursuing development",and the principle of transfer has also changed from"income maximization"to"all-round development".Correspondingly,the direction of transfer has shifted from"large-scale agglomeration to the east"to"increased local transfer to the nearest place".The study concludes that it is necessary to continue to promote the free movement of labor in terms of respecting objective laws,making timely adjustments to regional development strategies,responding to changes in the level of demand,and optimizing the supply of basic public services,thereby enhancing the efficiency of labor allocation.
Rural Labor TransferPush and Pull TheoryRegional Development StrategiesHierarchy of Needs
万方数据
维普
