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数字技术促进农业农村发展:机遇、挑战和推进思路

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理论上,数字技术在农业农村发展各领域都有潜在的重要作用,但相关实际进展与成效如何以及未来如何推进还缺乏系统的研究.本文的研究目的是厘清数字技术促进农业农村发展的机遇、面临的挑战和发展经验,探索未来发展思路和相关推进措施.分析表明:各级政府、农业企业、互联网企业和金融机构都高度重视以数字技术促进农业农村发展,并积极开展试点示范与应用;推进智慧农业和数字乡村建设需分清当前、近期和中长期各应用场景的发展路线图,否则事倍功半;许多应用场景面临需求导向、顶层设计、技术创新、成本收益、数字鸿沟和农民受益等诸多挑战.基于以上分析,本文总结了智慧农业与数字乡村发展的必要条件和充分条件,并提出数字技术促进农业农村发展的思路和政策启示.
Digital Technologies Facilitate Agricultural and Rural Development:Opportunities,Challenges,and Future Directions
Digital technologies are increasingly expected to accelerate agricultural and rural development,but there is a lack of systematic studies on the progress of digital technologies'application in agricultural and rural development and how to promote it in the future.The goal of this study is to clarify the opportunities,challenges,and experience for accelerating agricultural and rural development by using digital technologies,and explore feasible pathways for further development.The results show that the central and local governments,agriculture enterprises,internet enterprises,and financial institutions attach great importance to digital technologies to facilitate agricultural and rural development and actively carry out several pilot programs of smart agriculture and digital village.The road map for the development of application scenarios in the present,short-term,and long-term should be clear to facilitate the improvement of smart agriculture and digital village,otherwise it will get half the result with twice the effort Nowadays,many application scenarios face challenges regarding demand orientation,top-level design,technological innovation,cost and benefit,digital divide,and farmers'benefit.Based on the analyses above,we summarize the necessary and sufficient conditions for the development of smart agriculture and digital village and put forward the further directions and policy enlightenment.

Agricultural and Rural DevelopmentDigital TechnologiesSmart AgricultureDigital VillageDigital Divide

黄季焜、苏岚岚、王悦

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北京大学现代农业研究院

北京大学现代农学院中国农业政策研究中心

中国社会科学院农村发展研究所

农业农村发展 数字技术 智慧农业 数字乡村 数字鸿沟

国家自然科学基金重点项目亚洲开发银行技术援助项目

71934003KSTA6993-PRCS183927

2024

中国农村经济
中国社会科学院农村发展研究所

中国农村经济

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.643
ISSN:1002-8870
年,卷(期):2024.(1)
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