首页|演进中的农地"三权"分置:来自中国化时代化马克思主义土地理论的检视

演进中的农地"三权"分置:来自中国化时代化马克思主义土地理论的检视

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农地产权制度安排与变革关系到广大农民群众的切身利益,影响着中国式农业农村现代化的实现进度.中华人民共和国成立以来,导源于国家战略适时调整和农民群众实践创造,农地产权结构历经从单一产权到"两权"合一,再到"两权"分离,继而又裂变为"三权"分置的深刻变革.马克思主义所有制理论和土地产权理论的基本原理及其与中国历史和具体实际相结合的理论成果,正是指导中国农地产权制度演进的学理渊源.农地"三权"分置诱致农村人地生产要素重组与升级,在农业生产、农民收入、乡村治理、城乡关系等方面发挥着积极作用,但同时也日渐暴露出不适应的一面.面向建设农业强国的伟大战略目标,农地"三权"分置制度的守正和完善要坚定以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指引,坚持农地集体所有制,立足小农户本位,从发挥集体所有权统合优势、健全农地承包权自愿有偿转让与退出机制、提高农地权利配置效率三条路径推进,同时防范农地过度资本化和"资本入地"带来的可能风险.
Evolving Division of"Three Rights"of Farmland:An Inspection of the Marxist Land Theory with Chineseization and Modernization
The arrangement and reform of farmland property rights system relates to the vital interests of the vast majority of farmers and affects the process of Chinese agricultural and rural modernization.Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,due to the timely adjustment of national strategies and the practical innovation of the farmer masses,the structure of farmland property rights has undergone profound changes from unitary property rights,"unification of two rights","separation of two rights",to"division of three rights".The basic principles of Marxist ownership theory and land property rights theory and their theoretical combination with Chinese history and reality are the academic origins guiding these changes of farmland institution.The"division of three rights"of farmland has led to the recombining and upgrading of production factors of rural people and land,which plays a positive role in agricultural production,farmers'income,rural governance,and urban-rural relation.However,at the same time,it also has gradually exposed some inadaptability.Towards the great strategic goal of building up China's strength in agriculture,the adjustment and improvement of farmland institution should be firmly guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era,adhering to the collective ownership of farmland and based on the small farmer-oriented principle.It is supposed to start from three approaches of taking the leading advantage of collective ownership right,improving the voluntary and compensated mechanism for the transfer and withdrawal of farmland contract right,and raising the allocation efficiency of farmland rights,while preventing the possible risks from excessive capitalization of farmland and"capital flowing into farmland".

FarmlandDivision of"Three Rights"Marxist Chineseization and ModernizationXi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New EraInstitution Innovation

曲颂、朱铁辉、郭君平

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中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所

农地"三权"分置 马克思主义中国化时代化 习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想制度创新

国家社会科学基金一般项目

21BJY224

2024

中国农村经济
中国社会科学院农村发展研究所

中国农村经济

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子：1.643
ISSN：1002-8870
年,卷(期)：2024.(5)
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