Effects of Glyphosate and Glufosinate-ammonium Application on Root Morphology and Physiology of Areca catechu
Herbicides can cause damage to non-target crops when applied for controlling the weeds.Leaf yello-wing symptoms were more pronounced in Hainan areca nut plantations where herbicides were frequently used.We hypothesized that herbicides may lead to the degradation of areca nut root,which causes leaf yellowing.This experiment was conducted to determine the morphology and related physiological indexes of root growth and development of areca nut plant after the use of glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium in the field with young and adult areca nut trees.Results showed that with the root system of young areca nut plant was mainly composed of the roots with a diameter of 0-1.5 mm,which accounted for more than 88％of the total number of roots and more than 68％of the total surface area of roots.Compared with artificial weeding and control(no weeding),glyphosate and glufosinate ammonium sprays significantly reduced the fresh weight and dry matter accumulation,the proportion of white absorbing roots,and the vigor of absorbing roots.In aerial roots of a-dult areca nut plant,spraying of both glyphosate and glufosinate caused chemical residues in aerial root,and the pesticide residues became higher with the increase of application concentration.Spraying of glyphosate and glufosinate hindered the development of aerial roots.Aerial root death reached the maximum at 14 days after glyphosate treatment,and 28 days after glufosinate ammonium treatment.Glyphosate and glufosinate impaired the structure of aerial root tissues,which resulted the thinned endothelial layer of the new roots,increased thickness of the epidermal tissues,and deepened degree of suberification,to lead the death of a large number of epidermal cells of the roots,thus inhibiting the elongation and thickening of the aerial roots.The above results suggest that spraying glyphosate and glufosinate can accelerate the suberification of root and cause the death of roots,thus inhibiting the growth and development of the roots,and causing leaf yellowing of areca nut plant.
glyphosateglufosinate-ammoniumareca nut plantroot systemfresh and dry weightaerial rootsuberification
万方数据
维普
