China is the origin of litchi and longan,which is rich in wild litchi and longan resources and has a long history of litchi and longan cultivation.With the development of society,the original litchi and longan va-rieties are difficult to meet the market demand.Therefore,it is an important task to breed good varieties that meet the market demand for the development of litchi and longan industry.In this paper,the progress of litchi and longan breeding was reviewed from aspects of breeding methods and their application in litchi and longan breeding,including conventional seedling breeding,cross breeding,molecular marker-assisted breeding and bi-otechnology breeding.The future development of litchi and longan breeding was prospected.