Effects of different fertilization application methods on orchard soil environment and banana yield and quality
To explore the effects of different fertilization methods on orchard soil environment and banana yield and quality,and screen the best fertilization methods,so as to provide scientific basis for rational fertilization of banana,a 2-year field experiment was conducted in Yonghejian Village,Yongning Sub-district,Zengcheng District,with local conventional fertilization(chemical fertilizer only)as control(CF),supplemented with bio-organic fertilizer(BIO),compound microbial fertilizer(MCF)and pigeon manure organic fertilizer(PF)as treatments.The effects of different fertilization methods on soil nutrient content,enzyme activity,microbial community structure and banana yield and quality were studied.The results showed that compared with CF,MCF,BIO and PF treatments significantly increased the soil organic matter content of banana orchard.The BIO treatment had the best effect,with organic matter increased by 46.51%and 17.98%,respectively,com-pared with CF and PF treatment.The contents of available phosphorus,total nitrogen,alkali-hydrolyzed ni-trogen and pH value were also the highest under BIO treatment.In terms of soil enzyme activity,the activities of α-glucosidase,neutral phosphatase,acid phosphatase and nitrate reductase of MCF,BIO and PF treatments were increased,and there was no significant difference among these three treatments.Polyphenol oxidase of BIO treatment was significantly decreased,while cellulase was significantly increased.MCF treatment changed the composition and structure of soil bacterial community and increased the abundance of Proteobacteria,while BIO treatment increased the abundance of bacterial community.MCF,BIO and PF treatments significantly in-creased the yield and output value of banana,increased the contents of protein,soluble sugar and vitamin C,and reduced the contents of nitrate and nitrite,among which BIO treatment had the most obvious effect,with the yield increased by 11.32 t/hm2 and net income increased by 18,750 yuan/hm2.The ratio of fertilizer out-put and input reached 5.8:1.The application of bio-organic fertilizer,compound microbial fertilizer and pigeon manure organic fertilizer in banana orchard can increase soil organic matter content,improve soil enzyme activi-ty,change soil microbial colony structure and abundance,and significantly improve the yield and quality of ba-nana,among which the application of bio-organic fertilizer has the best effect.
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