摘要
按照优树选择标准及步骤从天然居群中决选优树,以优树材料建立无性系测定林,培育出"亮脆""早丰""铜皮""秋红""夏紫"5个余甘子新品种.5个新品种果实成熟期9-12月,盛果期果实产量2 500 kg/667 m2以上,高产稳产;果实颜色分别为黄绿、青绿、古铜、鲜红、紫红色;蒴果呈核果状,圆形,果形指数0.79～0.98,平均单果质量14.4～17.4 g,可食率81.0％～92.0％,可溶性固形物 13.2％～19.6％,维生素 C 325.0～534.3 mg/100 g,没食子酸 22.3～43.2 mg/100 g,粗纤维 1.75％～2.70％,水分 80.2％～85.3％,总糖 5.91％～11.50％、总酸 1.90％～8.71％.5 个新品种均喜温暖忌霜冻、喜光照忌荫蔽,抗旱耐瘠薄.5个新品种在我国余甘子栽培区均可种植,并根据品种特性提出栽培利用策略及主要栽培技术.
Abstract
According to the criteria and procedures of selecting superior trees,superior trees were selected from the natural populations.The asexual lines testing forest was set up from the materials of superior trees.The five new varieties of Phyllanthus emblica were bred including Liangcui,Zaofeng,Tongpi,Qiuhong and Xiazi.The fruit ripening period of these five new varieties was from September to December.The highest fruit yield was more than 2,500 kg/667 m2,with high and stable yield.The fruit color of five varieties was yellow-green,lime green,bronze,bright red and purple-red,respectively.The capsule is drupelike,round,with the fruit shape index of 0.79-0.98,average single fruit weight of 14.4-17.4 g,edible rate of 81.0％-92.0％,soluble solids content of 13.2％-19.6％,vitamin C content of 325-534.3 mg/100g,gallic acid content of 22.3-43.2 mg/100 g,crude fiber content of 1.75％-2.70％,moisture of 80.2％-85.3％,total sugar of 5.91％-11.50％,and total acid of 1.90％-8.71％.Five new varieties prefer to grow under warm and good light climate condition,and are sensitive to frost and shade.These five varieties were tolerant to drought and barren soil.They can be grown in the P.emblica cultivation areas of China.Cultivation and utilization strategies and major cultivation techniques were proposed based on the characteristics of variety.
基金项目
云南省重大科技专项计划(202302AE090023)
云南省职工创新基金(2015-30)
维普
万方数据