Prostate Cancer(PCa)is one of the most common malignancies among males globally and also one of the malignant tumors with the fastest-growing incidence rate among males in China.As an epithelial-derived tumor,the pathological features of prostate cancer are described as the malignant transformation of glandular epithelium and the loss of basal cell characteristics.Since its inception,single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)has been widely employed in cancer biology research to reveal rare cell subpopulations,delineate cell developmental trajectories,and construct communication patterns among cells within the tumor microenvironment.scRNA-seq has been extensively utilized in prostate research,particularly in the study of epithelial cells in normal prostate and prostate cancer,elucidating the diversity of epithelial cells and further deepening our understanding of this male-specific organ prostate.