摘要
在灾害频仍、严重的乾隆时期，政府高度重视灾赈事宜。乾隆在即位后大约用了5年的时间，使灾赈对象的确定事宜走上了法制化轨道。政府将自耕农、佃农、屯丁、灶户和各直省下等旗人等力田之民视为灾赈对象主体、政策最为宽大，这正是清高宗“藏富于民”思想的具体表现；但与此同时，灾赈中对贫生、绿旗兵丁和无业贫民等其他社会群体未能适度统筹兼顾，政策规定极其苛刻，此亦为乾隆朝中后期流民、闹赈和起义等重大社会问题出现的重要动因。
Abstract
Serious disasters occur frequently in Qianlong period, and the government attaches great importance to relief. After Qianlong ascends the throne, he realizes to determine the relief objects on the legaltrack in about 5 years. The government regards the owner-peasants, tenant-peasants, Cultivating men, salt-makers and the poor Eight-banner population as the main body of relieve subject in all provinces, and therelief policy is most favorable for them, this embodies the thought of storing the treasure in the people of Qian- long. But at the same time, in the process of relieving, Qianloug don't treat the poor students, Eight-ban-ners-soldiers and Green-flag-soldiers just as the former, the policies and regulations for them are extremely harsh. This is also the main cause for the major social problems of refugee, making trouble for relief and upris-ing in the late Qianlong period.
基金项目
教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目(09YJA770018)
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据