The relationship between the control of the Yellow River and regional social development during the Qing Dynasty needs further exploration by considering contemporary understanding and practices.During Jin Fu's tenure in river control,extensive debates were held in the court and out regarding the feasibil-ity of using Yellow River water for irrigation.Jin Fu opposed this idea,citing the big silt content and the high riverbed of the Yellow River.However,sluices and dams projects he constructed interconnected the Yellow River,Huai River,the Grand Canal,and the Hongze Lake,as well as other lakes and rivers,and then made a massive flood-control hydraulic network that prioritized flood-controlling and water-transport,while also considering agricultural irrigation.Nonetheless,its operation was significantly constrained by the characteris-tics of the Yellow River,engineering management techniques,and various natural and human factors.While the regional society benefited,it also frequently faced floods.By the mid-Qing Dynasty,the network encoun-tered numerous issues and conflicts between officials and civilians persisted,which the case of Chen Duan destroying the yellow river dyke in the twelfth year of Daoguang's reign was a significant example.