首页|2023/2024年冬季气象条件对农业生产的影响

2023/2024年冬季气象条件对农业生产的影响

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2023/2024 年冬季,全国平均气温为-2。8℃,较常年同期(1991-2020 年,下同)偏高 0。3℃,气温阶段性起伏较大;全国平均降水量为 50。8mm,较常年同期偏多 19。8%,整体呈北多南少的分布格局,中东部多地降雪日数偏多、累计降雪量偏大、积雪偏深;全国平均日照时数接近常年同期,西南地区东部较常年同期偏多。北方冬麦区大部地区光热充足,多次大范围雨雪天气有利于土壤增墒,土壤墒情为近 10a最好,利于冬小麦安全越冬。南方大部地区光热条件良好,利于油菜、冬小麦、冬种作物以及经济林果等生长发育。冬季中东部地区经历 3 次大范围寒潮天气过程,影响设施农业生产,南方部分省区油菜、露地蔬菜、经济林果等受冻。新疆北部、东北地区多降雪,不利于农牧业生产。
Report on Meteorological Condition Impact to Agricultural Production in Winter of 2023/2024
In the winter of 2023/2024,the national average temperature was-2.8℃,which was 0.3℃ higher than the same period of the perennial value(1991-2020).The average precipitation in winter was 50.8mm,19.8%higher than the same period,showing a distribution pattern of more in the north and less in the south.Many places in the central and eastern regions have more snowfall days,more accumulated snowfall and deeper snow.The national average sunshine was close to perennial value,and the eastern part of southwest China is more than the same period.Most regions of the winter wheat areas in the north have abundant light and heat conditions,within many large-scale rain and snow weather were conducive to soil moisture increase.The soil moisture is the best in the past decade,and meteorological conditions are conducive to the safe overwintering of winter wheat.Most regions of southern was enough warm and sunshine hours for the growth and development of rape,wheat,winter crops and economic fruits.In winter,the central and eastern regions experienced three large-scale cold wave weather processes,which affected the production of protected agriculture,and some rape,open vegetables and economic forest fruits in southern provinces were frozen.There is much snowfall in Northeast China and northern Xinjiang,which is not conducive to agriculture and animal husbandry production.

Meteorological conditions in winterAgricultural productionImpact assessment

赵运成、张艳红、张蕾

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国家气象中心,北京 100081

冬季气象条件 农业生产 影响评价

中国气象局创新发展专项

CXFZ2024J051

2024

中国农业气象
中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所

中国农业气象

CSTPCD
影响因子:1.679
ISSN:1000-6362
年,卷(期):2024.45(4)