首页|2024年冬季气象条件对农业生产的影响

2024年冬季气象条件对农业生产的影响

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2024/2025 年度冬季(2024年 12月-2025 年2月),全国平均气温-3.3℃,较常年同期(1991-2020 年平均值,下同)偏高 0.3℃.全国平均降水量 23.7mm,较常年同期偏少 39.4%;全国平均日照时数 519h,较常年同期偏多 6.1%.全国大部农区冬季光热条件较好,土壤墒情适宜,气象条件利于北方冬小麦越冬和南方油菜等作物稳健生长.北方部分地区持续性积雪覆盖不利于畜牧业和设施农业生产,季末积雪融化及冻融天气对东北地区粮食存贮和运输有一定的不利影响.华南中东部部分地区降水量持续偏少,轻度-中度干旱对在地作物及经济林果有不利影响.后冬西南地区东部、江南和华南西部等部分地区阶段性阴雨低温天气影响油菜、露地蔬菜等作物稳健生长.
Report on Meteorological Condition Impact to Agricultural Production in Winter of 2024/2025
During the winter of 2024/2025(December 2024-February 2025),China's national average temperature was-3.3℃,0.3℃ above the long-term average(1991-2020,hereinafter referred to as perennial).Spatially averaged total precipitation was 23.7mm across the nation,39.4%less than the perennial,while average sunshine duration reached 519h,6.1%more than the perennial.In most agricultural regions,favorable light and heat conditions prevailed during the winter,and suitable soil moisture supported the safe overwintering of winter wheat in northern China and the vigorous growth of rapeseed and other crops in southern China.However,persistent snow cover in parts of northern China had posed challenges for livestock farming and conservation protected agriculture.In additionally,the late-season snowmelt and freeze-thaw cycle disrupted grain storage and transportation in northeast China.In east-central of south China,a prolonged precipitation deficits had led to mild to moderate drought,negatively affecting field crops and economic fruit trees.In the latter part of winter,periodic cold and rainy weather in eastern of southwest China,southern Yangtze,and western of south China hampered the steady growth of rapeseed and open-field vegetables.

Agrometeorological conditionsAgricultural ProductionMeteorological disastersImpact assessment

何延波、吴门新、赵晓凤、郭安红、李森、侯英雨

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国家气象中心,北京 100081

气象条件 农业生产 气象灾害 影响评价

2025

中国农业气象
中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所

中国农业气象

影响因子:1.679
ISSN:1000-6362
年,卷(期):2025.46(5)