Spatio-temporal evolution of carbon emission efficiency and influencing factors of China's soybean production from 2011 to 2020
Accurately analyzing the carbon emission efficiency of soybean production and identifying factors influencing the carbon emission efficiency can be helpful to provide references and a data basis for promoting carbon reduction in soybean production.Howev-er,few specific studies on the carbon emission efficiency of China's soybean production have been reported.In particular,no studies on the influencing factors of the carbon emission efficiency of China's soybean production have been conducted.To fill such a research gap,this study evaluated the carbon emissions of China's soybean production from 2011 to 2020 by applying life cycle assessment.Then,the Super-SBM model based on the unexpected output was adopted to measure the carbon emission efficiency of China's soybean production.Finally,the Tobit model was adopted to explore the factors influencing the carbon efficiency of China's soybean production.The results showed that:① The total carbon emissions generated from China's soybean production exhibited a trend of'increase-de-crease-increase,'with an increase of 47.70%from 2011 to 2020.The carbon emissions generated by per RMB 10 thousand yuan soy-bean production were 7.48 t in 2020,which was 32.62%higher than that in 2011,which was 5.64 t.Meanwhile,the carbon intensity in-creased from 5.16 t/hm2 in 2011 to 6.09 t/hm2 in 2020,with an increase of 18.02%.The results of this study showed that carbon emis-sions from soybean production exhibited an upward trend in general,while regional differences existed.For instance,Heilongjiang had higher carbon emissions,higher carbon emissions per value unit output,and higher carbon intensity,posing high stress on carbon emis-sions reduction.②The carbon emission efficiency of soybean production in China showed an evolution trend of first decreasing and then increasing,with an average value of 0.78.In addition,the spatial difference in carbon emission efficiency in soybean production was obvious.Except for Shanxi and Jilin,the average annual change rate of carbon emission efficiency in other major soybean-produc-ing areas was positive,with Shanxi exhibiting great potential for improving emission efficiency.③ The analysis of the influencing fac-tors of carbon emission efficiency showed that crop planting structure,financial support for agriculture,agricultural mechanization,and agricultural technology had significant positive effects on the carbon emission efficiency of soybean production.Meanwhile,agricultural industrial structure and the education level of the rural labor force had significantly negative effects on the carbon emission efficiency of soybean production.Suggestions such as improving agricultural mechanization and financial support for agriculture,and making poli-cies based on the regional heterogeneity of carbon emission efficiency of soybean production are proposed so that green and low-carbon development of soybean production can be achieved and the reduction of carbon emissions in the agricultural sector can be eventually promoted.
life cycle assessmentsoybeancarbon emission efficiencyinfluencing factorSuper-SBMTobit model
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