Master-slave hierarchical bi-level optimization method for initial water rights allocation in the river basin
Based on the initial water rights allocation mode at the'basin-region-industry'level,the initial water rights allocation at the'basin-region'level affects and restricts that at the'region-industry'level,while the initial water rights allocation at the'basin-re-gion'and'region-industry'levels jointly affect the comprehensive benefits of the river basin.Existing research mainly focuses on ini-tial water rights allocation at the'basin-region'level or'region-industry'level,but further research is needed to investigate the integra-tion of the two levels in optimizing initial water rights allocation.Therefore,the master-slave hierarchical bi-level optimization method was constructed to conduct research on initial water rights allocation in the river basin.The method can be expressed as follows:① For the initial water rights allocation at the'basin-region'level,the optimization function of the comprehensive benefits and constraint con-ditions of the river basin was established,and the adaptive diagnostic criteria and spatial equilibrium diagnostic criteria were construct-ed and embedded in the optimization function of the comprehensive benefits of the river basin,so as to improve the adaptability of the initial water rights allocation among regions to eco-social development and the spatial equilibrium of the initial water rights allocation of the river basin.② For the initial water rights allocation at the'region-industry'level,a nonlinear objective programming model was es-tablished for optimizing regional comprehensive benefits to ensure the water demand for industry development.And the matching diag-nostic criteria were constructed and embedded into the nonlinear objective programming model to improve the matching between the ini-tial water rights allocation of different industries in the region and the industries'development.Finally,the master-slave hierarchical bi-level optimization method was applied to explore the initial water rights allocation practice in the Yellow River Basin.The research con-cluded that through the design of the initial water rights allocation scheme in the Yellow River Basin,this study obtained the ratio be-tween the water rights allocation ratio of the provinces in the Yellow River Basin and the ratio of the weighted value of the comprehen-sive index of eco-social development.Inner Mongolia-Shanxi,Shaanxi-Ningxia,Ningxia-Shanxi,Shanxi-Henan,Henan-Gansu,Gansu-Qinghai,and Qinghai-Shandong were 0.84,1.45,0.84,1.08,1.19,1.77,and 1.02,respectively,satisfying the adaptive diagnostic crite-ria.The Gini coefficient of the initial water rights allocation in the Yellow River Basin was 0.10,belonging to'high spatial equilibrium'and meeting the spatial equilibrium diagnostic criteria.The matching degree between the initial water rights allocation of different indus-tries in the region and the industries'development in the Yellow River Basin was more than 0.90,belonging to'high matching.'Mean-while,the satisfaction levels corresponding to the optimization functions of economic,social,and ecological benefits in the Yellow River Basin reached 0.946,0.943,and 1.000,respectively,and the satisfaction levels corresponding to the optimization functions of the eco-nomic,social,and ecological benefits of the provinces in the Yellow River Basin all exceeded 0.90.The results showed that the method could effectively solve the problem of initial water rights allocation in the river basin.In order to guarantee the effective implementation of the initial water rights allocation scheme in the river basin,it is necessary to strengthen the rigid constraints and dual-control actions of water resources,enhance the scientific and technological innovation ability of water conservancy in the river basin,and promote the rationalization of industrial water use structures and the advancement of industrial structures in the river basin.
water basininitial water rights allocationmaster-slave hierarchical bi-level optimization methodfairnessadaptabilityspatial balance
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