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"双减"政策背景下学校体育的促学效应及其公平性探讨

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"双减"政策发布后,以北京市为开端的中考体育改革稳步推进,作为"五育并举"中的重要组成部分,学校体育试图改变应试倾向,助力减轻教育负担,逐渐成为社会关注的焦点.本文实证分析学校体育对青少年的促学效应及其公平性,探讨当前"双减"政策背景下学校体育的改革重点,特别学校体育教育中的公平性问题.研究发现,较之个体锻炼,学校体育的促学效应更强;个体锻炼具有"富促学、贫无效"的马太效应,而加强学校体育可以有效遏制这一分化;体育锻炼的影响还与班级规模、学校区位等办学条件高度相关.研究认为,应坚持学校体育公益性,保障锻炼促学的公平意义,以学校作为体育教育的主阵地,优化学校体育教育形式,避免"考在校内、练在校外"的分隔,全面树立以体育人理念,促进体教二者融通互育.
A Discussion on the Promotion Effect of School Sports and its Equity in the Context of"Double Reduction"Policy
After the release of the"double reduction"policy,the reform of secondary school physical education,which started in Beijing,has been steadily promoted.As an important part of the"five education initiatives",school physical education has gradually become a focus of social attention as it tries to change the tendency of teaching to the test and help reduce students'academic burden.This paper empirically analyses the effects of school sport on youth learn-ing and its equity,and explores the reform priorities of school sport in the context of the"double reduction"policy,especially the equity issues in school physical education.This study found that school sport had a stronger learning-enhancing effect than individual exercise.At the same time,individual exercise had a"rich promote learning,poor do not"Matthew effect,and strengthening school sport ef-fectively curbed this divide.This study concluded that:school sports should insist on their public welfare nature;the fairness of exercise for learning should be guaranteed;schools should be taken as the main position for physical education;the form of school physical education should be optimized;the segregation of"test in school and practice outside school"should be avoided;the concept of the person in sports should be established comprehensively;and the integration of sports and education into each other should be promoted.

School Physical EducationIndividual ExerciseLearning Pro-motionEducation Equity

田浩然、崔盛

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中国人民大学 教育学院,北京 100872

学校体育 个体锻炼 促学效应 教育公平

中国人民大学拔尖创新人才培养计划(2023)北京市社会科学基金研究基地重点项目

21JCB117

2024

中国人民大学教育学刊
中国人民大学

中国人民大学教育学刊

CHSSCD
ISSN:2095-1760
年,卷(期):2024.(4)