张家山M336汉律令年代问题初探
Dating the Han Legal Manuscripts Excavated from Zhangjiashan Tomb 336
汪华龙1
作者信息
摘要
据张家山M336汉律盗铸钱条文及王国建置情况,其最后修订时间约在文帝即位初至二年二月间.M336《功令》很可能是按各令颁下年代编次,据最晚纪年及称"代郡"而非"代国",其最后颁下时间应在文帝二年十一月至二月间.据《功令》"斗食、学佴""雁门、代郡""北陵""恒-常""戊寅赦、丙申赦"等关键内容及削改痕迹,可初步厘清高祖、惠帝、高后、文帝所颁令的起止及年代结构.北陵或为吕后所置前少帝陵,至文帝时罢废.《功令》经过数次大幅增删修订,才形成目前面貌.《功令》第一或是高祖五六年预设立法的结果.《功令》之预设立法与《津关令》之整理编纂,或是生成事项令的两种主要模式.M336《功令》的年代与内容,亦显示文帝初年"高皇后纪年"历史叙述模式的确立.
Abstract
Based on the record on secretly casting cash and the establishment of Han princedoms seen in the excavated legal manuscripts from Zhangjiashan Tomb 336,the date of the final revision of the manuscripts should be between the first year and the second month of the second year of Em-peror Wen's reign.The section called as the Ordinances on Merit from Zhangjiashan Tomb 336 should be complied according to the issued years of the included ordinances.Based on the last date of the recorded ordinance and the date from which Dai princedom changed to be Dai Commandery,the date of the latest ordinance should be between the eleventh month of the first year and the second month of the second year of Emperor Wen's reign.On the basis of some special keywords in the Or-dinances on Merit,such as doushi and xueer,and the traces of revision,one can figure out when the laws were issued and when they were abolished during the reigns of Liu Bang,Emperor Hui,Empress Lü,and Emperor Wen.Beiling was ordered to be built by Empress Lii and was abandoned during the Emperor Wen's reign.The records of the Ordinances on Merit had undergone constant revisions.The first article included in the Ordinances on Merit may have been pre-issued between the fifth and the sixth year of Gaozu's reign.The Ordinances on Merit and the Ordinance on Fords and Passes represent two different ways on how to make ordinances.The date and content of the Ordinances on Merit also tells us the formation of the Empress Lü narrative in Emperor Wen's early reign.
关键词
M336汉律令/年代问题/内容削改Key words
Han Legal Manuscripts Found in Zhangjiashan Tomb 336/Problem of dating a manu-script/Revision of contents引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家社会科学基金后期资助一般项目(21FZSB030)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据