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家庭的双重角色及其法律界定:传统基础与当代阐释

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家庭先于社会和国家而存在,作为法律概念的"家庭"是国家权力对既存的家庭伦理秩序的规范性描述。从历史视角观察,无论是在传统中国还是在当代中国,家庭都承担着伦理秩序载体和国家治理单元两种角色。对于不同角色,国家权力在进行规范性描述时所遵循的逻辑是不同的,不同角色所对应的"家庭"概念边界亦不相同。家庭作为伦理秩序载体,其本身就是治理目的之所在,相对应的"家庭"概念应严格依据《民法典》第1045条和第1050条界定。家庭作为国家治理单元,则是实现其他治理目的的工具,相对应的"家庭"概念边界应基于治理目的之需要而灵活界定。此外,还存在第三种"家庭"概念,其意义是在家庭伦理系统和其他系统之间划定一条边界,此种"家庭"概念边界的确定要在不同领域、不同案件中进行具体分析。
On the Dual Role of the Family and Its Legal Definition:Traditional Foundations and Contemporary Interpretations
The existence of family is prior to that of civil society and political state.As a legal con-cept,it is the state's normative description of the existing ethical order of family.From a historical perspective,the family has played a dual role as the embodiment of ethical order and unit of state governance in both traditional and contemporary China.Followed by the state in its normative de-scriptions,the logic differs between the two roles,so do the boundaries of the concept of family.As the embodiment of ethical order,the family is the purpose of governance in itself,whose concept should be strictly defined according to Articles 1045 and 1050 of The Civil Codes.As the basic unit of state governance,however,the family serves as a tool to achieve other purposes of governance and its boundaries should be defined as to the exact purpose of governance accordingly.In addition,the concept of family allows a third interpretation marking the boundary between the family ethical system and other systems.The delineation of the boundaries of the family here requires specific a-nalysis on a case-by-case basis.

FamilyTraditional ChinaContemporary ChinaCarrier of ethical orderUnit of state governanceThe Civil Codes

汪洋、刘冲

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清华大学法学院

家庭 传统中国 当代中国 伦理秩序载体 国家治理单元 《民法典》

2025

中国人民大学学报
中国人民大学

中国人民大学学报

北大核心
影响因子:1.887
ISSN:1000-5420
年,卷(期):2025.39(1)