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关于《资本论》创作方法的再探析

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《资本论》的创作方法是研究者们不能绕开或回避的重大问题.《资本论》创作方法的内核,是马克思在黑格尔的基础上予以唯物主义改造的辩证法.马克思之所以对辩证法给予了高度重视,与他向纵深不断质询、追问和探索的问题意识和致思路向分不开.马克思对辩证法的灵活运用,充分体现在他对从抽象到具体这一逻辑方法的贯彻上.从抽象到具体不是演绎逻辑,而是辩证逻辑,它构成了《资本论》创作方法的逻辑形式.《资本论》的创作方法既包括研究方法,也包括叙述方法.这两种方法构成一个整体,对于它们的理解,都要落脚到从抽象到具体.另外,《资本论》的创作方法作为一个方法论和认识论问题,也是一个关涉到如何把握马克思的唯物主义的本体论问题.以从抽象到具体为逻辑形式的辩证法所通达的认知层面,正是我们把握马克思的唯物主义最该到达的本体界面.在这个本体界面上得到展现的唯物主义,是彻底的唯物主义.
Reanalysis of the Creation Methods of Marx's Capital
As a major issue in research on Marx's Capital,the methodology of its creation is too important to be bypassed or avoided by researchers.In terms of the core creation methods in Capital,Marx reforms the Hegelian basis through materialist dialectics.Marx's stressing of dialectics is inseparable from his awareness of issues and the direction of his thought toward continuous in-depth inquiry,pursuit and exploration.Marx's creative application of dialectics demonstrates his implementation of a method of logic which ascends from the abstract to the concrete,in a course of dialectical,not deductive,logic.This constitutes the logical form of the creation method of Capital.Both the research method and the narrative method incorporate the method of creation of Capital as a whole.It is essential to comprehend the two on the basis of the transition from the abstract to the concrete.Furthermore,as a methodological and epistemological issue,Capital 's creation methods also play a role as an ontological issue in the understanding of Marx 's materialism.With ascension from the abstract to the concrete as the form of logic,dialectics leads to a cognitive level.This displays materialism,a thoroughgoing materialism at an ultimate ontological level that enables the understanding of Marx's materialism.

李佃来

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武汉大学哲学学院 武汉430072

《资本论》 马克思 辩证法 从抽象到具体 唯物主义

2023

中国社会科学
中国社会科学院

中国社会科学

CSTPCDCSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:5.644
ISSN:1002-4921
年,卷(期):2023.(11)
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