Abstract
Breathing is an intrinsic natural behavior and physiological process that maintains life.The rhythmic exchange of gases regulates the delicate balance of chemi-cal constituents within an organism throughout its lifes-pan.However,chronic airway diseases,including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,affect millions of people worldwide.Pathological airway conditions can disrupt respiration,causing asphyxia,cardiac arrest,and potential death.The innervation of the respiratory tract and the action of the immune system confer robust airway sur-veillance and protection against environmental irritants and pathogens.However,aberrant activation of the immune sys-tem or sensitization of the nervous system can contribute to the development of autoimmune airway disorders.Transient receptor potential ion channels and voltage-gated Na+ chan-nels play critical roles in sensing noxious stimuli within the respiratory tract and interacting with the immune system to generate neurogenic inflammation and airway hypersensitiv-ity.Although recent studies have revealed the involvement of nociceptor neurons in airway diseases,the further neural cir-cuitry underlying airway protection remains elusive.Unrave-ling the mechanism underpinning neural circuit regulation in the airway may provide precise therapeutic strategies and valuable insights into the management of airway diseases.
维普
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