Role of the globus pallidus in motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease

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外文摘要：The globus pallidus plays a pivotal role in the basal ganglia circuit.Parkinson's disease is characterized by degeneration of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra,which leads to dopamine deficiency in the brain that subsequently manifests as various motor and non-motor symptoms.This review aims to summarize the involvement of the globus pallidus in both motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease.The firing activities of parvalbumin neurons in the medial globus pallidus,including both the firing rate and pattern,exhibit strong correlations with the bradykinesia and rigidity associated with Parkinson's disease.Increased beta oscillations,which are highly correlated with bradykinesia and rigidity,are regulated by the lateral globus pallidus.Furthermore,bradykinesia and rigidity are strongly linked to the loss of dopaminergic projections within the cortical-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop.Resting tremors are attributed to the transmission of pathological signals from the basal ganglia through the motor cortex to the cerebellum-ventral intermediate nucleus circuit.The cortico-striato-pallidal loop is responsible for mediating pallidi-associated sleep disorders.Medication and deep brain stimulation are the primary therapeutic strategies addressing the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease.Medication is the primary treatment for motor symptoms in the early stages of Parkinson's disease,while deep brain stimulation has been clinically proven to be effective in alleviating symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease,particularly for the movement disorders caused by levodopa.Deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus internus can improve motor function in patients with tremor-dominant and non-tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease,while deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus externus can alter the temporal pattern of neural activity throughout the basal ganglia-thalamus network.Therefore,the composition of the globus pallidus neurons,the neurotransmitters that act on them,their electrical activity,and the neural circuits they form can guide the search for new multi-target drugs to treat Parkinson's disease in clinical practice.Examining the potential intra-nuclear and neural circuit mechanisms of deep brain stimulation associated with the globus pallidus can facilitate the management of both motor and non-motor symptoms while minimizing the side effects caused by deep brain stimulation.

外文关键词：

anxietybasal gangliabradykinesiadeep brain stimulationdepressionglobus pallidus externusglobus pallidus internuslateral globus pallidusmedial globus pallidusneural circuitParkinson's disease

作者：

Yimiao Jiang、Zengxin Qi、Huixian Zhu、Kangli Shen、Ruiqi Liu、Chenxin Fang、Weiwei Lou、Yifan Jiang、Wangrui Yuan、Xin Cao、Liang Chen、Qianxing Zhuang

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作者单位：

Department of Physiology,School of Medicine,Nantong University,Nantong,Jiangsu Province,China

Department of Neurosurgery,Huashan Hospital,Shanghai Medical College,Fudan University,Shanghai,China

National Center for Neurological Disorders,Shanghai,China

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration,Shanghai,China

State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science,Institute of Brain Science,Fudan University,Shanghai,China

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出版年：

2025

DOI：

10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01660

中国神经再生研究(英文版)

中国康复医学会

中国神经再生研究(英文版)

影响因子：0.902

ISSN：1673-5374

年,卷(期)：2025.20(6)