摘要
综合评估生态服务价值和生态风险,将为区域生态安全格局构建和可持续发展提供决策依据.以宁夏回族自治区为对象,综合应用ArcGIS、ENVI、Fragststs和GeoDa等软件,结合1980、1990、2000、2010、2020年土地利用数据,研究了生态服务价值和生态风险的时空变化特征及其关联性.结果表明:(1)1980-2020年土地面积比例顺序依次为草地(47.60％±2.51％)、耕地(33.22％±1.77％)、未利用地(9.70％±0.31％)、林地(4.58％±0.43％)、建设用地(2.63±1.09％)、水域(1.95％±0.17％),土地类型变化显著,耕地、林地和建设用地面积增加,而草地、水域和未利用地减少;(2)生态服务价值总体下降6.44％,以调节和支持服务为主,约占总价值的85.90％;(3)生态风险指数整体上升5.33％,中、高生态风险等级面积有所增加;(4)全局Moran's I指数都接近于0,生态服务价值和生态风险在空间分布上无明显聚集或离散趋势,高价值-高风险区总体上略有扩大,高价值-低风险区保持相对稳定;总体上,2000年后宁夏生态风险有所减轻.
Abstract
Comprehensive assessment of ecological service value and ecological risk will provide decision sup-port and reference basis for the construction of regional ecological security pattern and sustainable development.Taking Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region as the research object,we comprehensively applied ArcGIS,ENVI,Fragststs and GeoDa software,combined with 1980,1990,2000,2010 and 2020 land-use data,to quantitative-ly study the spatial and temporal characteristics of the ecological service value and ecological risk,as well as their correlation.The results showed that:(1)From 1980 to 2020,the land area was in the order of grassland(47.60％±2.51％),cropland(33.22％±1.77％),unutilized land(9.70％±0.31％),forest land(4.58％±0.43％),construction land(2.63±1.09％),and watershed(1.95％±0.17％).Land types changed significantly,with the ar-eas of cropland,forest land and construction land increasing,while grassland,watershed and unused land de-creased.(2)The value of ecological services decreased by 6.44％overall,with regulating and supporting servic-es dominating,accounting for about 85.90％of the total value.(3)The ecological risk index increased by 5.33％overall,with the areas of medium and high ecological risk classes increasing.(4)The global Moran's I index are close to 0,there is no obvious trend of aggregation or dispersion in the spatial distribution of ecological service value and ecological risk,the high-value-high-risk area has slightly expanded in general,and the high-value-low-risk area has remained relatively stable.in general,the ecological risk of the Ningxia Autonomous Region has been reduced after 2000.
基金项目
宁夏沙坡头规模化防沙治沙试点项目生态监测工程项目(宁沙管合字[2021]08号)
国家自然科学基金项目(42071048)
甘肃省科技重大专项-国际科技合作类项目(22ZD6WA036)
NETL
NSTL
万方数据