褐梗天牛Arhopalus rusticus(L.)是松柏类等林木的重要害虫,近年来在山东泰安、威海等地发生严重.本文利用引诱剂诱杀、饵木诱杀和释放管氏肿腿蜂Sclerodermus guani Xiao et Wu与花绒寄甲Dastarcus helophoroides Fairmaire等无公害技术对褐梗天牛进行了室内外防治研究.Ⅱ号引诱剂诱捕效果最好,30 d平均诱捕量为69头.饵木诱杀每个样木平均诱捕量为63头.管氏肿腿蜂防治褐梗天牛幼虫的室内效果最高达71.00％,不同蜂虫比之间的防治效果差异不显著;林间释放管氏肿腿蜂对直径为10～15 cm被害木中的天牛幼虫的寄生率最高,为8.43％.利用花绒寄甲防治效果较好,室内当花绒寄甲成虫和天牛幼虫量为5∶1时的寄生率最高,为80.02％;林间每株树释放20头花绒寄甲成虫的寄生率最高,达58.80％.结果表明,这几种防治技术都对褐梗天牛有良好的防治效果,可在防治中综合应用.
Control Efficiency of Several Pollution-free Techniques against Arhopalus rusticus (L.) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Arhopalus rusticus (L.) is a serious forest insect pest attacking pine,cypress and other trees.In recent years,A.rusticus infests severely in Tai'an,Weihai and other areas of Shandong province.Pheromone trap,baited-wood trap and release of two species of parasitic natural enemy adults,Scleroderma guani and Dastarcus helophoroides,were tested for their control of A.rusticus larvae in both laboratory and pine forest.No Ⅱ pheromone trap obtained the best control,with catch size of 69 per pheromone trap in 30 d,followed by baited-wood trap (63 per trap).In laboratory,control efficiency ofS.guani against A.rusticus larvae reached as high as 71.00％,but was not significantly different between ratios of S.guani to A.rusticus larvae.S.guani preferred trees of 10 ～ 15 cm trmk diameter and afforded parasitism rate of 8.43 ％ at the highest when released in pine forest.D.helophoroides showed higher control efficiency against A.rusticus in both laboratory and pine forest,with parasitism rate reaching up to 80.02％ at ratio of D.helophoroides adults to A.rusticus larvae being 5 ∶ 1 in the laboratory and 58.80％ when released in pine forest.Our results show that these pollution-free techniques are effective against A.rusticus.
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