Potential Distribution of Tetrastichus planipennisi Based on MaxEnt Niche Model
The emerald ash borer(EAB,Agrilus planipennis),a devastating wood borer of ash trees(Oleaceae:Fraxinus),has invaded into North America and Europe and is still spreading to other regions.Tetrastichus planipennisi(Hymenoptera:Eulophidae)is a gregarious endoparasitoid of EAB.This study was conducted to predict the suitable distribution areas of this parasitoid wasp and to screen the key factors affecting its survival and colonization,so as to clarify the feasibility of releasing this wasp in the occurrence area of EAB.The MaxEnt was used to simulate the potential habitat of the wasp on a global scale,and the accuracy of the simulation results was tested using the distribution data of T.planipennisi collected worldwide and was further validated by field trials.It was shown that the test omission rates of the model simulation results were in general agreement with the theoretical omission rates.The AUC value was 0.986,indicating that the results of the parameters screened by the model were reliable and accurate.In combination with field experiments,we are clear that the current suitable distribution areas for T.planipennisi are central North America,most of Europe,and the central,northern,northeastern and Xinjiang regions of China,which covers 17.42%of the global land area.The suitable areas of T.planipennisi basically covers the occurrence and the potential distribution areas of EAB,therefore,the parasitoid is suitable for control of EAB in different field ranges.
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