基于光遗传学技术的脑机接口研究进展
Research Progress of Optogenetic Brain-Computer Interface
孟兆阳 1蒲江波 2李向宁3
作者信息
- 1. 华中科技大学武汉光电国家研究中心,生物医学光子学教育部重点实验室,武汉 430074
- 2. 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院生物医学工程研究所,天津 300192
- 3. 华中科技大学武汉光电国家研究中心,生物医学光子学教育部重点实验室,武汉 430074;海南大学生物医学工程学院,海南省生物医学工程重点实验室,海南三亚 572025
- 折叠
摘要
脑机接口作为一种大脑和外部设备之间的双向通信系统,在增强脑功能、人机交互和神经康复方面得到了广泛应用.基于光遗传学技术的脑机接口,弥补了电极刺激在生物兼容性、刺激精度与细胞类型特异性上的缺陷,成为神经工程领域的研究热点.综述了光遗传学脑机接口在动物实验中的应用,以及在闭环调控脑区活动、反馈虚拟感觉和脑-脑交互等方面取得的研究进展;介绍了集成化和微型化新型光遗传学接口的研究前沿;总结了光遗传学脑机接口面临的挑战,以及探讨在多模态脑活动监测和脑-机智能等方向的发展前景.
Abstract
As bidirectional communication systems between human brains and external devices,brain-computer interfaces(BCIs)have been widely employed in brain function enhancement,human-computer interaction and nerve rehabilitation.BCIs based on optogenetics remedy for the deficits of electrode stimulation in biological compatibility,stimulation accuracy and cell type specificity,thus becoming a hotspot in the research of neural engineering.In this review,we first described the application of optogenetic interfaces in animal experiments such as closed-loop control of brain activity,virtual sensation feedback,or brain-brain information channel.Subsequently,frontiers of novel integrated and miniaturized optogenetic interfaces were summarized.At last,we recapitulated the current challenges of optogenetic brain-computer interfaces,along with the prospects of optogenetic interface in multimodal brain activity monitoring and brain-computer intelligence.
关键词
神经工程/脑机接口/光遗传学/闭环反馈Key words
neural engineering/brain-computer interface/optogenetics/closed-loop feedback引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据