Clinical characteristics of epilepsy after herpes simplex virus encephalitis in children:an analysis of 14 cases
Objective To summarize the clinical features of epilepsy after herpes simplex virus encephalitis(HSE)in children.Methods The data of 14 children with herpes simplex encephalitis diagnosed in the Department of Neurology,Wuhan Children's Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science&Technology from March 2017 to June 2022 were retrospectively collected,and their clinical manifestations,cerebrospinal fluid examination,EEG and imaging were analyzed and summarized.After that,the patients were followed up for 10 months to 5 years to evaluate whether they had postencephalitic epilepsy(PEE),then they were divided into post encephalitis epilepsy group and non epilepsy group,to compare the clinical data include cerebrospinal fluid,VEEG and imaging parameters in the acute phase of encephalitis.Results Seven of the 14 children were diagnosed with postencephalitic epilepsy including 5 males and 2 females with an onset age of 4-110 months(media 11 months)months.All the children were treated with two or more antiepileptic drugs,and 3 of them had refractory epilepsy.All patients had residual sequelae such as cognitive and motor disorders,and there was no statistically significant difference between the PEE and non PEE groups after HSE.Conclusion There is a high possibility of secondary epilepsy after herps simplex virus encephalitis,with some developing into refractory epilepsy.Acute phase seizures or status epilepticus may be high-risk factors for postencephalitic epilepsy.
herpes simplex virus encephalitispostencephalitic epilepsyclinical features
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