Assessment and management of vaginal mesh ex-posure
Vaginal mesh exposure is one of the common complications of gynecologic pelvic mesh implantation surgery,which can lead to adverse outcomes such as pain,infection,and functional impairment.Through literature review and clinical experience summary,we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the assessment and management methods for vaginal mesh exposure.Firstly,the symptom,size and location of mesh expo-sure were assessed to accurately evaluate the extent of exposure.Secondly,various treatment strategies were reviewed,including conservative management,mesh trimming and mesh removal.Additionally,strategies for preventing mesh exposure were discussed.Lastly,we discussed future research directions in the assessment and management of mesh exposure,including the ap-plications of stem cell and mesh applications in com-bination.In summary,a multidisciplinary and indi-vidualized approach as well as a scienfific management is required for the assessment and management of mesh exposure.