The Influence of Complex Training with Different Loads on the Maximum Muscle Strength,Explosive Power and Special Physical Fitness Test Index of Judo Players
Objective:To observe the effects of 6-week complex training with different loads on athletic performance(lower limbs maximum muscle strength,explosive power and special phys-ical fitness test)of male judo athletes based on the force-velocity curve.Methods:Twenty ath-letes from the Beijing men's judo team were randomly divided into experimental group Ⅰ(n=7)and experimental group Ⅱ(n=7),and control group(n=6).The intervention plan of experimen-tal group Ⅰ consisted of 5 sets of 75%1RM squats(20%velocity loss threshold)combined with 5 repetitions of 30%1RM weight squat jump.The intervention plan of experiment group Ⅱ con-sisted of 5 sets of 90%1RM squats(20%velocity loss threshold)combined with 5 repetitions of bodyweight squat jump(PVC pole).The control group followed the team routine strength training without experimental intervention and trained along with them.The experiment lasted for 6 weeks with two training sessions per week.During the experimental period,other judo spe-cial training was carried out by the whole team except the experimental intervention training.Before,during,and after the experiment,three groups of athletes completed the squat 1RM test,vertical jump test(CMJ,SJ).Pre-experiment and post-experiment specialized tests were per-formed to analyze and compare the training effects.Results:1)After 6 weeks of experimental intervention,the results of intra-group comparison showed that squat 1RM,longitudinal jump and special physical fitness test were significantly improved in experimental group Ⅰ and experimental group Ⅱ(P＜0.05),and longitudinal jump test was significantly improved in control group(P＜0.05),but no significant changes were found in special physical fitness test and squat 1RM(P＞0.05).2)After 6 weeks of experimental intervention,the results of inter-group comparison showed that the squat 1RM test scores of experimental group Ⅰ and experi-mental group Ⅱ were significantly higher than those of control group(P＜0.05),and there was no significant change between experimental group Ⅰ and experimental group Ⅱ(P＞0.05).The vertical jump height of CMJ and SJ was not significantly changed among the three groups(P＞0.05).The special test scores of experimental group Ⅱ were significantly better than those of control group(P＜0.05),but there was no significant change among other groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions:1)Both types of complex training with different loads can improve the maximum muscle strength and explosive power of the lower limbs of judo athletes,and at the same time have a higher transfer effect on the special physical fitness test,while the routine strength train-ing has no obvious transfer effect on the lower limbs maximum muscle strength,explosive pow-er and special physical fitness test.2)There was little difference between the two types of com-plex training with different loads on athletic performance(lower limbs maximum muscle strength,explosive power and special physical fitness test)of judo athletes.The complex train-ing of 90%1RM squat combined with self-weight squat jump was slightly better than the com-plex training of 75%1RM squat combined with 30%1RM weight squat jump in terms of the improvement of lower limbs maximum muscle strength,explosive power and special physical fitness tests.
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