Evaluation on Active Exercise Behavior of Small Animal Based on Photoelectric Sensors and Research on Neuromodulation Involved in Exercise Motivation
Objective:To establish a quantitative evaluation system for mouse active exercise be-havior,aiming to facilitate research on the mechanisms underlying exercise and proactive health effects.By conducting in vivo,real-time acquisition of electrical signals across diverse phases of active exercise,we will investigate the neural mechanisms that regulate motivation for active exercise,thereby constructing a platform for exercise intervention in chronic disease models.Methods:1)voluntary exercise multimodal system(VEMS)based on photoelectric sensing was developed;2)C57BL/6 mice were used to record the active exercise based on VEMS and conse-quently with quantitatively analyze;3)in vivo multi-channel electrophysiological recording tech-niques were selected to record neuron activities in ventral tegmental area(VTA)during different phases of active exercise,analyze neural coding characteristics associated with behaviors.Results:1)VEMS can effectively collect and precisely quantified various behavioral data from mice,including locomotor rhythm,distance,round,speed,duration,and frequency;2)mice dis-played a pronounced nocturnal locomotor pattern,with daily activity concentrated between 19:00 pm to 7:00 am,the maximum daily exercise distance can reach up to 15 km.Peak activity oc-curred between 1:00 am to 2:00 am,the number of rounds is 0 round/10 min-170 rounds/10 min,with the maximum daily exercise frequency of 23 times,and the speed range is distributed between 0-12 m/min;3)different local field potentials(LFPs)signal was observed in the VTA during the preparatory,exercise,and finished phase of active exercise.Compared to the cessation phase,the theta band(4-8 Hz)power spectral density and oscillation were significantly in-creased in the preparatory and exercise period(P＜0.001);4)a total of 59 dopamine(DA)neu-rons specifically responsive to active exercise were analyzed,with the average firing frequency is(5.01±0.89)Hz.Among these neurons,21％DA neurons(Type-Ⅰ)exhibits high-frequency firing during the preparatory,42％DA neurons(Type-Ⅱ)exhibits robust activity throughout ac-tive exercise,and 37％DA neurons(Type-Ⅲ)showed firing rates increased post exercise(P＜0.001).Conclusions:1)the present study has,for the first time,developed the VEMS system,which is capable of conducting multi-dimensional acquisition,quantification,and evaluation analysis of mice's active exercise behaviors.This system not only provides a reference model for the formulation of precise exercise prescriptions in later stages,but also serves as a platform for in vivo real-time brain signal acquisition for the research of motor neuroscience;2)exercise motivation is specifically modulated by VTA neurons,with DA neurons play different roles in motor preparation,exercise,and cessation.Type-Ⅰ and Type-Ⅲ neurons encode bidirectionally and oppositely during motor preparation and cessation phases,respectively.Type-Ⅰ neurons ex-hibit enhanced firing in response to rewarding positive signals,whereas Type-Ⅲ neurons display specific firing patterns during cessation.
active exerciseexercise motivationphotoelectric sensorsin vivo multi-channel electrophysiologyVTA neurons
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维普
