胃肠道恶性肿瘤是最常见的消化系统肿瘤，其高发病率和癌症相关高死亡率严重威胁着民众的健康。随着免疫治疗研究的进展，其在胃肠道恶性肿瘤围手术期和晚期肿瘤治疗中的重要性日渐凸显。目前，免疫治疗已成为高度微卫星不稳定型晚期结直肠癌的标准一线治疗方案；而在晚期胃癌的一线治疗中，免疫治疗联合化疗以及在人表皮生长因子受体2（HER2）阳性患者中联合HER2靶向治疗和化疗也取得显著疗效和长期生存获益。免疫治疗在胃肠道肿瘤围手术期治疗以及晚期二线及后线治疗中的研究进展也展现出良好的潜力。目前的研究亟需探索更多的免疫联合用药方案，为胃肠道肿瘤患者，特别是微卫星稳定型结直肠癌患者的治疗带来曙光。 Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are the most common tumors of the digestive system, and their high morbidity and cancer-related mortality dramatically threaten the health of the population. With the researching progress of immunotherapy, its use in the treatment of GI cancers in the perioperative and advanced stages is becoming more and more important. Currently, immunotherapy has become the standard first-line treatment for MSI-H late-stage colorectal cancer, while in the first-line treatment of late-stage gastric cancer, immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy and HER2-targeted drugs (in HER2-positive patients) has also achieved significant efficacy and long-term survival benefits. Advances in immunotherapy in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment and in the second- and later-line treatment of late-stage GI cancers have demonstrated its promising therapeutic potential. However, there is still an urgent need for future studies to explore more immunotherapy combination strategies for patients with GI cancers, especially with MSS colorectal cancers.
Updates on immunotherapy of gastrointestinal cancers and practical challenges
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are the most common tumors of the digestive system, and their high morbidity and cancer-related mortality dramatically threaten the health of the population. With the researching progress of immunotherapy, its use in the treatment of GI cancers in the perioperative and advanced stages is becoming more and more important. Currently, immunotherapy has become the standard first-line treatment for MSI-H late-stage colorectal cancer, while in the first-line treatment of late-stage gastric cancer, immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy and HER2-targeted drugs (in HER2-positive patients) has also achieved significant efficacy and long-term survival benefits. Advances in immunotherapy in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment and in the second- and later-line treatment of late-stage GI cancers have demonstrated its promising therapeutic potential. However, there is still an urgent need for future studies to explore more immunotherapy combination strategies for patients with GI cancers, especially with MSS colorectal cancers.
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