Seven Recommendations on the Concept of Authenticity and Its Application in the Practice of Historical Heritage
Different cultures and related social and professional groups have different understandings of the concept of au-thenticity in the field of conservation and restoration of historical heritage.Therefore,it is vital to return to the original meaning and history of the concept of authenticity against the background of Western culture in which it was developed and applied,thus establish-ing necessary consensus and clarity.This paper reviews and rethinks the meaning and application of"authenticity"from various perspectives,including its etymology in Greek,medieval religious laws,rational criticism in the Renaissance,and contemporary technological and social developments.Rooted in Western culture,the concept of authenticity was originally related to the authority of normative and pioneering literary theory in both the legal and religious fields.The implied meaning of authenticity was interpreted by rationalism in the Italian Renaissance,secularizing its concept and integrating it into the emerging fields of linguistics and histori-ography.Authenticity has developed its application value in the prevention of forgeries in the field of conservation and restoration of historical heritage.Linking the concept of authenticity to the"universal"values it promotes,the World Heritage Convention con-fuses and assimilates monument and monument historique.However,Japan plays a twofold exemplary role:the role of the monument against the background of a memorial tradition different from that of the West,and the role of the monument historique built accord-ing to Western standards.The anthropological function of historical heritage can only be saved if it is infused with the active memory of technological society.
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