首页|融入照管准则:反思《威尼斯宪章》和《奈良真实性文件》在英国的影响

融入照管准则:反思《威尼斯宪章》和《奈良真实性文件》在英国的影响

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本文探讨了《威尼斯宪章》与《奈良真实性文件》在专业文化遗产保护实践中的意义,并特别聚焦于英国的历史环境.宪章的目的在于统一和明确行业标准,主要依赖于专业共识而非强制执行.《威尼斯宪章》以其明确的保护准则和为未来保护文化遗产的坚定承诺,在英国获得了广泛的认可和采纳.相较之下,《奈良真实性文件》对真实性的理解更为全面,它不仅包括物质文化遗产,也扩展到了非物质领域,对《威尼斯宪章》以欧洲为中心的观点提出了挑战.尽管《奈良真实性文件》在理念上更为开阔,但在实际应用中却遭遇了一定的限制.本文回顾了英国文化遗产保护的发展历程,并分析了为何《威尼斯宪章》在英国更受青睐.原因在于,该宪章不仅为从业者提供了清晰的行动指南,而且其理念已深入人心,因此在专业群体中产生了更强烈的共鸣.同时,深入讨论了阻碍《奈良真实性文件》采纳的社会和文化因素.指出在文化遗产保护领域,专业判断与遵循不断演进的宪章之间的平衡是一项持续存在的挑战,并最终提出了质疑:这些宪章和文件所产生的不同影响,是它们内在准则的体现,还是反映了专业人士在面对文化遗产保护的复杂性和不确定性时所展现的踟蹰.
Imbuing Principles of Care:Reflecting on the Impact of Venice and Nara in the United Kingdom
This paper explores the significance of the Venice Charter and the Nara Document on Authenticity in professional heritage practice,focusing on the UK historic environment.Charters serve to unify and clarify standards within the profession,rely-ing on professional consensus rather than strict mandates for implementation.The Venice Charter was widely embraced in the UK for its clear principles and commitment to preserving heritage for future generations.In contrast,the Nara Document expanded the con-cept of authenticity to include intangible aspects,challenging the Eurocentric focus of the Venice Charter.However,Nara's broader and less tangible approach has seen more limited application.The paper gives an historical overview of the development of the UK heritage sector,exploring why the Venice Charter has been more readily accepted by UK practitioners,suggesting that its familiar-ity and clear guidelines resonate more within the professional community.It also addresses the social and cultural barriers that have hindered the adoption of the Nara Document.The discussion highlights the ongoing challenges in heritage conservation,particularly the balance between professional judgement and adherence to evolving charters.The authors conclude by questioning whether the dif-ferential impact of these charters reflects the inherent value of their principles or a professional reluctance to embrace complexity and uncertainty in heritage conservation.

Venice CharterNara Document on Authenticityprofessional standardsheritage practicehistoric environ-mentUnited Kingdom

阿什莉·林格尔、简·亨德森、哈拉尔德·弗雷德海姆、罗元胜

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约克大学 英国英格兰约克 Y010 5GY

卡迪夫大学 英国威尔士卡迪夫 CF14 4XY

鲁汶大学 比利时鲁汶 3001

威尼斯宪章 奈良真实性文件 专业标准 遗产实践 历史环境 英国

2024

中国文化遗产

中国文化遗产

CHSSCD
ISSN:1672-7819
年,卷(期):2024.123(5)