首页|Valley filtering and valley-polarized collective modes in bulk graphene monolayers
Valley filtering and valley-polarized collective modes in bulk graphene monolayers
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The presence of two sublattices in hexagonal graphene brings two energetically degenerate extremes in the conduc-tion and valence bands,which are identified by the valley quantum number.Recently,this valley degree of freedom has been suggested to encode and process information,which develops a new carbon-based electronics named graphene val-leytronics.In this topical review,we present and discuss valley-related transport properties in bulk graphene monolayers,which are due to strain-induced pseudomagnetic fields and associated vector potential,sublattice-stagger potential,and the valley-Zeeman effect.These valley-related interactions can be utilized to obtain valley filtering,valley spatial separa-tion,valley-resolved guiding modes,and valley-polarized collective modes such as edge or surface plasmons.The present challenges and the perspectives on graphene valleytronics are also provided in this review.