Bessel vortices in spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates with Zeeman splitting and spin-orbit coupling

罗焕波 ¹张鑫锋 ²李润华 ³黎永耀 ²刘彬²

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作者信息

1. Department of Physics,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China;School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Foshan University,Foshan 528000,China
2. School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Foshan University,Foshan 528000,China
3. Department of Physics,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China
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Abstract

We investigate the ground states of spin-orbit coupled spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates in the presence of Zeeman splitting.By introducing the generalized momentum operator,the linear version of the system is solved exactly,yielding a set of Bessel vortices.Additionally,based on linear solution and using variational approximation,the solutions for the full nonlinear system and their ground state phase diagrams are derived,including the vortex states with quantum numbers m=0,1,as well as mixed states.In this work,mixed states in spin-1 spin-orbit coupling(SOC)BEC are interpreted for the first time as weighted superpositions of three vortex states.Furthermore,the results also indicate that under strong Zeeman splitting,the system cannot form localized states.The variational solutions align well with numerical simulations,showing stable evolution and meeting the criteria for long-term observation in experiments.

Key words

spin-orbit coupling/Bessel vortices/variational method

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基金项目

Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515110198)

Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2024A1515030131)

Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(2021A1515010214)

National Natural Science Foundation of China(12274077)

National Natural Science Foundation of China(11905032)

National Natural Science Foundation of China(12475014)

Research Fund of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology(2020B1212030010)

Israel Science Foundation(1695/22)

出版年

2024

中国物理B(英文版)

中国物理学会和中国科学院物理研究所

中国物理B(英文版)

CSTPCDEI

影响因子：0.995

ISSN：1674-1056

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