Epidemiological Characteristics of Influenza in a Certain Area of Guangzhou From 2017 to 2021
Objective To analyze the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of influenza-like cases in a district of Guangzhou City,and to understand the infection rate and epidemic situation of influenza A and influenza B viruses in the area.Provide a reliable basis for influenza prevention and control.Methods The specimens of influenza-like cases treated in a tertiary A hospital from 2017 to 2021 were collected for detection of influenza A and influenza B colloidal gold antigens,and the χ2 test was used to compare the time distribution,age distribution and gender distribution of susceptible population of influenza A and influenza B.Results A total of 65801 patients with influenza-like symptoms and signs were collected,of which 10358 were diagnosed with influenza,and the influenza positive rate was 15.74%,mainly influenza A.The positive rate of influenza A was the highest in 2020(15.18%),the positive rate of influenza B was the highest in 2019(8.22%),the positive rate of co-infection of influenza A and B was the highest in 2018(0.38%).The positive rate of influenza in different seasons was the highest in spring(19.52%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The positive rate of influenza A was the highest in spring(15.47%),and the positive rate of influenza B was the highest in summer(10.93%),the positive rate of co-infection of influenza A and B was the highest in winter(0.27%).There were significant differences in the positive rates of influenza virus in different age groups(P<0.001).The positive rates of influenza A and B were highest in the>6-11 age group.The positive rates of influenza A and B were slightly higher in males than in females,but the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Influenza A is the main type of influenza in Guangzhou from 2017 to 2021,with high incidence in children aged>6-11 years,and influenza A is most prevalent in spring and influenza B is most prevalent in summer.Therefore,it is necessary to monitor the epidemic trend of influenza in Guangzhou and find the mutant strains in time to provide theoretical basis and basis for the adjustment of influenza prevention and control measures.
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