Risk assessment of occupational exposure to dusts in soil,gravel and crushed stone mining industries
Objective To assess the health risk of occupational exposure to dusts in current soil,gravel and crushed stone industries using four methods,providing a methodological basis for risk assessment of key occupational hazards in these in-dustries.Methods Workers at 10 positions exposed to dusts were selected from three typical soil,gravel and crushed stone mining enterprises in Sichuan,and the dusts that they exposed to were explored using occupational hygiene investigation,dust detection and evaluation,their risks of exposure to dusts were assessed using improved quantitative grading method,comprehensive index method,ICMM quantitative method,and occupational hazard risk index method.A comparative analy-sis of health risks and assessment methods was conducted.Results The occupational health risks of dust exposure in the workers are:(1)Improved quantitative grading method:the risk levels at 5 positions(50.0％)and the other 5 positions(50.0％)were mainly rated level Ⅰ and level Ⅲ,respectively;(2)Comprehensive index method:The risk level mainly in-cluded high risk(7 positions,accounting for 70.0％)and low risk(3 positions,accounting for 30.0％);(3)ICMM quan-titative method:The risk level mainly included very high risk(3 positions,accounting for 30.0％)and intolerable risk(7 positions,accounting for 70.0％);(4)Occupational hazard risk index method:The risk level was mainly extreme hazard(5 positions,accounting for 50.0％).Comparative analysis of four risk assessment methods showed that the improved quan-titative grading method and comprehensive index method had good consistency(Z=0.535,P＞0.05),with high reliability and stability(r,=0.669,P＜0.001).And high consistency was found between comprehensive index method and occupation-al hazard risk index method(Z=1.852,P＞0.05),with high reliability and stability(r,=0.847,P＜0.001).There was in-stability among the other assessment methods(Z=-3.981,P＜0.001).Conclusion Insignificant differences and positive correlation exist between the evaluation results by the comprehensive index method and the improved quantitative grading method,and between those by the comprehensive index method and the occupational hazard risk index method,verifying the credibility of the evaluation results.In these industries,if the free silica concentrations in inhalant dusts are at the same level and the dust properties are the same,the risk assessment results by the four methods are basically consistent.
Soil,gravel and crushed stone mining industriesDust exposureOccupational healthRisk assessment
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