Characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis
Objective To observe the characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)with different degrees of inflammation,providing a reference for the treatment.Methods 16S rRNA gene high-through-put sequencing(V4-V5 region)was performed on fecal samples from 36 healthy subjects(health control group)and 8 CAG patients with mild inflammation(mild inflammation group),26 with moderate inflammation(moderate inflammation group),8 with severe inflammation(severe inflammation group).Sobs,Shannon,Simpson,Ace,and Chao indices were ap-plied to assess the species richness and diversity;PLS-DA analysis was used to assess the microbial community structure;LDA and LEfSe analyses were used to identify the relative abundance of gut flora,and PICRUSt was used to predict the significantly enriched metabolic pathway of gut flora.Results Compared with the health control group,the Sobs,Ace,Chao,and Simpson indices tended to decrease in the mild,moderate,and severe inflammation groups,but the differences were not statistically significant(all P＞0.05).Ruminococcus_gnavus_group,norank_f_Ruminococcaceae,Erysipelato-clostridium and Actinomyces were significantly enriched in the mild inflammation group;Flavonifractor and Sellimonas were significantly enriched in the moderate inflammation group;Eubacterium_rectale_group,Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG-003,Tyzzerella_3,Coprococcus_1 and Candidatus_Soleaferrea were significantly enriched in the severe inflammation group.In addition,the abundances of Lachnospiraceae_UCG-004 and Eubacterium_nodatum_group showed an increasing trend in health control,mild inflammation,moderate inflammation,and severe inflammation groups,while those of Anaer-ostipes,Ruminiclostridium_9,Halomonas and Pelagibacterium showed a decreasing trend in health control,mild inflam-mation,moderate inflammation and severe inflammation groups,but the differences were not statistically significant(all P＞0.05).The PICRUSt results showed that the metabolic pathways in the four groups were similar,but the abundance val-ues of the metabolic pathways were different,and the metabolic potential of the gut microbiota in the severe inflammation group was higher than those in the health control group,mild inflammation group and moderate inflammation group.Con-clusion Changes in the gut flora of patients with CAG are generally characterized by a decrease in the abundance of bu-tyrate-producing bacteria and an increase in the abundance of pro-inflammatory bacteria.Pro-inflammatory bacteria may affect the host immune response by adhering to the intestinal epithelium leading to impaired mucosal barrier and increased intestinal permeability,causing inflammation.
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