Effects of HPV infection and imbalance of vaginal microecology in pregnant women on pregnancy outcomes and neonates
Objective To explore the effects of human papilloma virus(HPV)infection and imbalance of vaginal microe-cology in pregnant women on pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes so as to provide reference for the treatment of such patients.Methods A total of 102 pregnant women with HPV positive(HPV-positive group)and 78 pregnant wo-men with HPV negative(HPV-negative group)who underwent antenatal examination in the hospital were enrolled as the research objects between June 2020 and June 2023.After 28-34 weeks of pregnancy,vaginal secretions were collected to evaluate vaginal microecology status.According to evaluation results of vaginal microecology,pregnant women in HPV-positive group were divided into normal microecology group(n=26)and microecology imbalance group(n=76).The vagin-al microecology,pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes were compared between HPV-positive group and HPV-neg-ative group.The pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes were compared between normal microecology group and mi-croecology imbalance group.Results There were no significant differences in the incidences of trichomoniasis vaginitis(TV)and vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC)or vaginal cleanliness between HPV-positive group and HPV-negative group(x2=1.520,0.678,0.111;all P＞0.05),but in vaginal pH,incidence of bacterial vaginosis(BV),intensity and diversity of vaginal floras,and incidence of microecology imbalance(x2=10.106,8.247,4.337,5.236,13.865;all P＜0.05).The incid-ences of premature delivery,intrauterine infection,puerperal infection and postpartum hemorrhage in HPV-positive group were significantly higher than those in HPV-negative group(x2=5.710,10.721,6.799,4.294;all P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in the incidences of cesarean section and premature rupture of membranes between the two groups(x2=1.067,0.666;all P＞0.05).The incidence of neonatal infection in HPV-positive group was significantly higher than that in HPV-negative group(x2=9.001,P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in the incidences of fetal distress,neonatal asphyxia and fetal growth restriction(FGR)between the two groups(x2=2.503,1.547,0.560;all P＞0.05).The incidence of premature delivery in microecology imbalance group was significantly higher than that in nor-mal microecology group(x2=4.130,P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in the incidences of premature rup-ture of membranes,intrauterine infection,puerperal infection and postpartum hemorrhage between the two groups(x2=1.401,0.578,0.141,1.368;all P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidences of fetal distress,neonatal asphyxia,FGR and neonatal infection between normal microecology group and microecology imbalance group(x2=0.261,0.698,1.057,0.242;all P＞0.05).Conclusion HPV infection during pregnancy will cause imbalance of vaginal microe-cology and increase the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
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