Objective To explore the effects of human papilloma virus(HPV)infection and imbalance of vaginal microe-cology in pregnant women on pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes so as to provide reference for the treatment of such patients.Methods A total of 102 pregnant women with HPV positive(HPV-positive group)and 78 pregnant wo-men with HPV negative(HPV-negative group)who underwent antenatal examination in the hospital were enrolled as the research objects between June 2020 and June 2023.After 28-34 weeks of pregnancy,vaginal secretions were collected to evaluate vaginal microecology status.According to evaluation results of vaginal microecology,pregnant women in HPV-positive group were divided into normal microecology group(n=26)and microecology imbalance group(n=76).The vagin-al microecology,pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes were compared between HPV-positive group and HPV-neg-ative group.The pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes were compared between normal microecology group and mi-croecology imbalance group.Results There were no significant differences in the incidences of trichomoniasis vaginitis(TV)and vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC)or vaginal cleanliness between HPV-positive group and HPV-negative group(x2=1.520,0.678,0.111;all P＞0.05),but in vaginal pH,incidence of bacterial vaginosis(BV),intensity and diversity of vaginal floras,and incidence of microecology imbalance(x2=10.106,8.247,4.337,5.236,13.865;all P＜0.05).The incid-ences of premature delivery,intrauterine infection,puerperal infection and postpartum hemorrhage in HPV-positive group were significantly higher than those in HPV-negative group(x2=5.710,10.721,6.799,4.294;all P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in the incidences of cesarean section and premature rupture of membranes between the two groups(x2=1.067,0.666;all P＞0.05).The incidence of neonatal infection in HPV-positive group was significantly higher than that in HPV-negative group(x2=9.001,P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in the incidences of fetal distress,neonatal asphyxia and fetal growth restriction(FGR)between the two groups(x2=2.503,1.547,0.560;all P＞0.05).The incidence of premature delivery in microecology imbalance group was significantly higher than that in nor-mal microecology group(x2=4.130,P＜0.05),but there were no significant differences in the incidences of premature rup-ture of membranes,intrauterine infection,puerperal infection and postpartum hemorrhage between the two groups(x2=1.401,0.578,0.141,1.368;all P＞0.05).There were no significant differences in the incidences of fetal distress,neonatal asphyxia,FGR and neonatal infection between normal microecology group and microecology imbalance group(x2=0.261,0.698,1.057,0.242;all P＞0.05).Conclusion HPV infection during pregnancy will cause imbalance of vaginal microe-cology and increase the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.
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